Weis S, Haug H, Budka H
Institute of Neuropathology, University of Munich, Federal Republic of Germany.
Acta Neuropathol. 1993;85(2):185-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00227766.
Using stereological methods, two cerebral cortical areas from AIDS brains were investigated. Neuronal density, profile area of neurons, and perikaryon volume fraction were measured and compared to age-matched control brains. In the fronto-orbital cortex (area 11) of AIDS brains, a significant loss of neurons was seen. The perikaryon volume fraction was likewise decreased. The size of neurons did not differ between control and AIDS brains. In patients with clinical signs of progressive dementia and in brains with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific neuropathology (HIV-leukoencephalopathy and/or HIV-encephalitis) as compared to patients lacking these features, a small decrease in neuronal density was noted but this difference did not reach the level of statistical significance (P = 0.16). In the superior parietal lobule (area 7) of AIDS brains, no loss of nerve cells was noted. AIDS patients with progressive dementia and brains with HIV-specific neuropathology showed no difference in neuronal densities as compared to those without such features. We conclude that the fronto-orbital cortex, in contrast to the parietal cortex, is mainly damaged in AIDS brains. Neuronal loss was not significantly correlated with development of dementing symptoms and of HIV-specific neuropathology.
采用体视学方法，对艾滋病患者大脑的两个脑皮质区域进行了研究。测量了神经元密度、神经元轮廓面积和核周体积分数，并与年龄匹配的对照大脑进行了比较。在艾滋病患者大脑的额眶皮质（11区），可见神经元显著丢失。核周体积分数同样降低。对照大脑和艾滋病患者大脑的神经元大小没有差异。与没有这些特征的患者相比，有进行性痴呆临床体征的患者以及有人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）特异性神经病理学（HIV白质脑病和/或HIV脑炎）的大脑，神经元密度有小幅下降，但这种差异未达到统计学显著性水平（P = 0.16）。在艾滋病患者大脑的顶上小叶（7区），未发现神经细胞丢失。与没有这些特征的患者相比，有进行性痴呆的艾滋病患者以及有HIV特异性神经病理学的大脑，神经元密度没有差异。我们得出结论，与顶叶皮质相比，额眶皮质在艾滋病患者大脑中主要受到损害。神经元丢失与痴呆症状的发展以及HIV特异性神经病理学没有显著相关性。
