Douglass J B, Meader L, Kaplan A, Ellinger C W
University of Kentucky, College of Dentistry, Lexington.
J Prosthet Dent. 1993 Mar;69(3):270-5. doi: 10.1016/0022-3913(93)90105-w.
The purpose of this continuing longitudinal investigation was to study the changes on the craniofacial complex in complete denture wearers; herein are reported the 20-year findings. At the onset of the study complete dentures were made for 64 persons. Two dentures techniques were employed: a complex method of construction and a simplified method. At the start of the project the patients' ages ranged from 30 to 60 years (average age 53 years) and all had been edentulous for at least 1 year (range 1 to 30 years). Lateral cephalometric radiographs were made immediately after initial placement of the dentures and during subsequent years (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 15, and 20). The same cephalostat was used throughout and all films were exposed with the teeth in centric occlusion. Thirty-four subjects presented for the 20-year follow-up. Of this number, the radiographs of 24 subjects (14 women and 10 men; average age 65.5 years [range 50-83 years]) (12 complex denture wearers; 12 simplified technique denture wearers) were used in this report (10 had denture alterations over the 20-year period that excluded them). The 20-year observations corroborate earlier findings. There is a loss of the vertical dimension of occlusion as viewed from the right profile, and the mandible rotates in a counterclockwise fashion resulting in an increase in relative prognathism. The maxillary alveolus was stable, the mandibular alveolus resorbed, and the dentures rotated counterclockwise and shifted slightly forward. The observed changes were not significantly affected by the sex of the patient or by the denture technique employed.
这项持续性纵向研究的目的是研究全口义齿佩戴者颅面复合体的变化；本文报告了20年的研究结果。研究开始时，为64人制作了全口义齿。采用了两种义齿制作技术：一种是复杂的制作方法，另一种是简化方法。项目开始时，患者年龄在30至60岁之间（平均年龄53岁），均已无牙至少1年（范围为1至30年）。在义齿初次佩戴后及随后几年（1年、2年、3年、4年、5年、7年、10年、15年和20年）拍摄了头颅侧位片。整个过程使用同一台头颅定位仪，所有胶片均在牙齿正中咬合时曝光。34名受试者接受了20年的随访。其中，本报告使用了24名受试者（14名女性和10名男性；平均年龄65.5岁[范围50 - 83岁]）（12名复杂义齿佩戴者；12名简化技术义齿佩戴者）的X线片（10名受试者在20年期间有义齿改变，被排除在外）。20年的观察结果证实了早期的发现。从右侧面观，咬合垂直距离减小，下颌逆时针旋转，导致相对前突增加。上颌牙槽嵴稳定，下颌牙槽嵴吸收，义齿逆时针旋转并略有向前移位。观察到的变化不受患者性别或所采用的义齿制作技术的显著影响。
