Bates Maryann S, Edwards Thomas W, Anderson Karen O
Division of Human Development, School of Education and Human Development, SUNY-Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000 USA Department of Anesthesiology, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, ZA-14, Seattle, WA 98104 USA Department of Anesthesiology S2-700, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
Pain. 1993 Jan;52(1):101-112. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(93)90120-E.
In multiple studies cultural affiliation has been found to have an important influence on perception of and response to experimental and acute pain. Despite that evidence little work has been directed to understanding the cultural dimensions of the chronic pain experience. We present the results of a quantitative study of reported chronic pain perception in 372 chronic pain patients in six ethnic groups, who were under treatment at a multidisciplinary pain-management center. The role of ethnic and cultural experiences in the complex array of physical, cultural, psychological and social factors which influence the chronic pain experience is identified. Ethnocultural affiliation is important to chronic pain perception and response variation. In this study population the best predictors of pain intensity variation are ethnic group affiliation and locus of control (LOC) style (ethnic group identity is also a predictor of LOC style). It appears that pain intensity variation may be affected by differences in attitudes, beliefs and emotional and psychological states associated with the different ethnic groups. This study suggests a biocultural model may be useful in conceptualizing the complex interaction of biological, cultural and psychosocial factors in the process of human pain perception. Although it is likely that intense pain affects attitudes and emotions, it is also very likely that attitudes and emotions influence reported perceptions of pain intensity. Pain intensity variation in this study population is not significantly associated with diagnosis, present medication types, or types of past treatments or surgeries for pain.
在多项研究中，人们发现文化归属对实验性疼痛和急性疼痛的感知及反应有着重要影响。尽管有这些证据，但针对理解慢性疼痛体验的文化维度所开展的研究却很少。我们呈现了一项对六个种族的372名慢性疼痛患者进行的关于报告的慢性疼痛感知的定量研究结果，这些患者正在一家多学科疼痛管理中心接受治疗。我们确定了种族和文化经历在影响慢性疼痛体验的一系列复杂的身体、文化、心理和社会因素中所起的作用。种族文化归属对慢性疼痛感知和反应差异很重要。在这个研究群体中，疼痛强度差异的最佳预测因素是种族归属和控制点（LOC）风格（种族身份也是LOC风格的一个预测因素）。疼痛强度差异似乎可能受到与不同种族相关的态度、信念以及情绪和心理状态差异的影响。这项研究表明，生物文化模型可能有助于概念化人类疼痛感知过程中生物、文化和心理社会因素的复杂相互作用。虽然强烈的疼痛很可能会影响态度和情绪，但态度和情绪也极有可能影响报告的疼痛强度感知。在这个研究群体中，疼痛强度差异与诊断、当前用药类型或过去针对疼痛的治疗或手术类型没有显著关联。
