Carson J A, Gormican A
J Am Diet Assoc. 1977 Apr;70(4):361-5.
Patients with cancer may display taste abnormalities. In this study, abnormalities observed before treatment involved decreased salt and sweet sensitivity. For some thresholds, greater abnormalities were observed among men and women, among patients with colon cancer than among those with breast cancer, and among those with a greater extent of disease. Observations of slight increases in thresholds for sour detection and bitter recognition during the early treatment period and normalization of high sweet recognition thresholds after two weeks of treatment suggest that additional changes in taste acuity may accompany short-term treatment with 5'fluorouracil. However, absence of a correlation of taste changes with changes in food preferences points to the role of other factors in determining patients' food preferences during such treatment. Consideration of the incidence of taste abnormalities in these groups of patients with cancer and observation of altered food attitudes among patients receiving 5-fluorouracil does provide a basis for general recommendations for serving foods which will appeal to these patients.
癌症患者可能会出现味觉异常。在本研究中，治疗前观察到的异常包括盐和甜味敏感度降低。对于某些阈值，男性和女性、结肠癌患者比乳腺癌患者以及疾病程度较严重的患者中观察到的异常更为明显。在治疗初期，酸味检测阈值和苦味识别阈值略有增加，而治疗两周后高甜味识别阈值恢复正常，这表明5-氟尿嘧啶短期治疗可能会伴随味觉敏锐度的其他变化。然而，味觉变化与食物偏好变化之间缺乏相关性，这表明在这种治疗期间，其他因素在决定患者的食物偏好方面发挥着作用。考虑这些癌症患者群体中味觉异常的发生率以及观察接受5-氟尿嘧啶治疗的患者食物态度的改变，确实为提供吸引这些患者的食物的一般建议提供了依据。
