Hill R C, Van Winkle T J
Department of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
J Vet Intern Med. 1993 Jan-Feb;7(1):25-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1993.tb03165.x.
Medical records and histologic sections of 40 cats with acute pancreatitis were reviewed. Two distinct groups of cats with pancreatitis were established by histologic analysis of tissue. Group 1 (32 cats) had acute pancreatic necrosis (APN). Group 2 (8 cats) had suppurative pancreatitis. Ages of affected cats ranged from 3 weeks to 16 years. The majority consisted of indoor cats of the Domestic Short-Haired breed but Siamese cats were over-represented relative to the general population (P < 0.05). Twenty-two percent of cats were obese and 57% were underweight. Thirty-eight percent of cats had acute disease. In the other cats, two stages in the progression of the disease were evident: (1) anorexia, weight loss, and lethargy, followed by (2) acute deterioration, development of shock, and a moribund state, despite fluid therapy. The most common clinical signs were severe lethargy (100%), reduced appetite (97%), dehydration (92%), and hypothermia (68%). The initial hemogram occasionally showed a neutrophilia (30%) and anemia (26%) but packed cell volume (PCV) decreased markedly to the extent that 55% of cats were anemic terminally. Serum biochemical abnormalities included increased activities of ALT (68%) and ALP (50%), and increased concentrations of bilirubin (64%) and cholesterol (64%). Cats with APN were hyperglycemic (64%), glycosuric (60%) and ketonuric (20%), whereas cats with suppurative pancreatitis tended to be hypoglycemic (75%). Renal failure and electrolyte abnormalities were mild or infrequent except for hypokalemia (56%). This study characterizes a severe necrotizing pancreatitis in the cat similar to that reported in other species, and a histologically distinct suppurative pancreatitis.
回顾了40只患有急性胰腺炎的猫的病历和组织切片。通过对组织的组织学分析，确定了两组不同的胰腺炎猫。第1组（32只猫）患有急性胰腺坏死（APN）。第2组（8只猫）患有化脓性胰腺炎。患病猫的年龄范围从3周龄到16岁。大多数是家养短毛品种的室内猫，但暹罗猫相对于总体猫群比例过高（P<0.05）。22%的猫肥胖，57%体重过轻。38%的猫患有急性疾病。在其他猫中，疾病进展的两个阶段很明显：（1）厌食、体重减轻和嗜睡，随后是（2）急性恶化、休克发展和濒死状态，尽管进行了液体治疗。最常见的临床症状是严重嗜睡（100%）、食欲减退（97%）、脱水（92%）和体温过低（68%）。最初的血常规偶尔显示中性粒细胞增多（30%）和贫血（26%），但红细胞压积（PCV）显著下降，以至于55%的猫最终贫血。血清生化异常包括ALT活性升高（68%）和ALP活性升高（50%），以及胆红素浓度升高（64%）和胆固醇浓度升高（64%）。患有APN的猫血糖升高（64%）、糖尿（60%）和酮尿（20%），而患有化脓性胰腺炎的猫往往血糖过低（75%）。除低钾血症（56%）外，肾衰竭和电解质异常较轻或不常见。本研究描述了猫中一种与其他物种报道相似的严重坏死性胰腺炎，以及一种组织学上不同的化脓性胰腺炎。
