Neutralization of pathophysiological manifestations of Russell's viper envenoming by antivenom raised against gamma-irradiated toxoid.

Rabbits were immunized against gamma-irradiated (100 krads) Russell's viper venom toxoid adsorbed to aluminium phosphate gel. The antivenom (0.1 ml) neutralized 5 LD50, 8 minimum hemorrhagic doses (MHD) and 14 minimum necrotic doses (MND) of venom. The coagulant and protease activities of the viper venom were neutralized more effectively than phospholipase A activity, by the toxoid antivenom.