Hector R F
Cutter Biological, Berkeley, California 94710.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 1993 Jan;6(1):1-21. doi: 10.1128/CMR.6.1.1.
A number of substances that directly or indirectly affect the cell walls of fungi have been identified. Those that actively interfere with the synthesis or degradation of polysaccharide components share the property of being produced by soil microbes as secondary metabolites. Compounds specifically interfering with chitin or beta-glucan synthesis have proven effective in studies of preclinical models of mycoses, though they appear to have a restricted spectrum of coverage. Semisynthetic derivatives of some of the natural products have offered improvements in activity, toxicology, or pharmacokinetic behavior. Compounds which act on the cell wall indirectly or by a secondary mechanism of action, such as the azoles, act against diverse fungi but are usually fungistatic in nature. Overall, these compounds are attractive candidates for further development.
已鉴定出多种直接或间接影响真菌细胞壁的物质。那些积极干扰多糖成分合成或降解的物质具有由土壤微生物作为次级代谢产物产生的特性。在真菌病临床前模型研究中，已证明特异性干扰几丁质或β-葡聚糖合成的化合物是有效的，尽管它们的覆盖范围似乎有限。一些天然产物的半合成衍生物在活性、毒理学或药代动力学行为方面有所改进。通过间接作用或次要作用机制起作用的化合物，如唑类，对多种真菌有作用，但通常本质上是抑菌的。总体而言，这些化合物是进一步开发的有吸引力的候选物。
