Foss R D, Voas R B, Beirness D J
West Virginia University, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Morgantown 26506.
Am J Public Health. 1993 Apr;83(4):556-60. doi: 10.2105/ajph.83.4.556.
We examined whether a passive alcohol sensor could be used for mass screening of motorists to accurately and quickly detect drivers whose blood alcohol concentration exceeded a variety of levels often established as per se evidence of legal intoxication.
In a voluntary roadside survey, 1181 late-night drivers in Minnesota were interviewed. Breath measurements were taken with both a passive alcohol sensor and an evidentiary quality portable breath-test device.
Measurements could be taken much more easily and quickly with the passive sensor, whose readings correlated very strongly (r = .87) with the evidentiary device. Moreover, for criterion blood alcohol concentration levels ranging from 100 mg/dL to 20 mg/dL, a large proportion of motorists could be accurately identified as being above or below the criterion, with relatively few false-negative or false-positive identifications.
The use of passive alcohol sensors at sobriety checkpoints should allow motorists to be processed very quickly with minimal inconvenience. At the same time, detection of legally intoxicated motorists will probably be substantially increased and the general deterrent value of per se alcohol-impaired driving laws enhanced.
我们研究了被动式酒精传感器是否可用于对驾车者进行大规模筛查，以准确、快速地检测出血液酒精浓度超过多种通常被确立为法定醉酒本身证据的水平的司机。
在一项自愿的路边调查中，对明尼苏达州的1181名深夜驾车者进行了访谈。使用被动式酒精传感器和具有证据质量的便携式呼气测试设备进行呼气测量。
使用被动式传感器进行测量要容易得多且速度更快，其读数与证据设备的读数高度相关（r = 0.87）。此外，对于血液酒精浓度标准水平从100毫克/分升到20毫克/分升，很大一部分驾车者能够被准确识别为高于或低于该标准，假阴性或假阳性识别相对较少。
在清醒检查站使用被动式酒精传感器应能使驾车者得到快速处理，且不便之处最小。同时，可能会大幅增加对法定醉酒驾车者的检测，并增强法定酒精影响驾驶法律的总体威慑价值。
