Pós-Graduação do Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP (São Paulo Federal University, Department of Psychiatry Postgraduate Program), Brazil.
Addict Behav. 2013 Jan;38(1):1442-7. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.07.007. Epub 2012 Aug 3.
The objective of this study is to present data from a roadside survey study on drinking and driving and alcohol consumption in southeastern Brazil.
A cross-sectional roadside survey study using a questionnaire and breathalyzer data is the method used to determine the prevalence of drinking and driving and to examine whether socio-demographic characteristics and drivers' behavior, attitude and alcohol consumption predicted positive blood alcohol content (BAC). The data were gathered from 2005 to 2007 through roadside surveys conducted on high volume public roads in four cities in southeastern Brazil. A total of 4182 randomly selected drivers took part in the research. Of these drivers, 3488 (83.4%) completed the questionnaire and agreed to take a breath test.
Overall, 24.6% of drivers had a detectable blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and 15.9% had a BAC above the legal limit (0.6g/l) at the time of the study. Logistic regression controlling for locale (city), sex, age and marital status was used to predict whether each driver would present a positive breath test. Socio-demographic characteristics, driving behaviors and attitudes, and alcohol consumption patterns were included as predictors. These analyses indicated that those who believed drinking and driving was a serious offense were about two-thirds as likely to have a positive breath test, and that drivers reporting a pattern of regular alcohol use were three times as likely to have a positive breath test.
These findings indicate that drinking and driving is relatively common in Brazil, and that it occurs considerably more frequently than similar surveys suggest, is the case in other countries.
本研究旨在呈现巴西东南部路边调查研究关于饮酒和驾驶以及酒精消费的数据。
本研究采用横断面路边调查方法，使用问卷和呼气酒精测试数据，以确定饮酒和驾驶的流行率，并研究社会人口统计学特征以及驾驶员的行为、态度和酒精消费是否能预测血液酒精含量（BAC）呈阳性。该数据来自 2005 年至 2007 年在巴西东南部四个城市的高流量公共道路上进行的路边调查。共有 4182 名随机选择的驾驶员参与了这项研究。在这些驾驶员中，3488 名（83.4%）完成了问卷并同意接受呼气测试。
总体而言，24.6%的驾驶员血液酒精浓度（BAC）可检测到，15.9%的驾驶员在研究时 BAC 超过法定上限（0.6g/l）。使用逻辑回归控制地点（城市）、性别、年龄和婚姻状况，预测每位驾驶员是否会出现阳性呼气测试。将社会人口统计学特征、驾驶行为和态度以及酒精消费模式作为预测因子纳入分析。这些分析表明，那些认为酒后驾车是严重违法行为的人，其呼气测试呈阳性的可能性降低三分之二，而报告有规律饮酒模式的驾驶员呼气测试呈阳性的可能性增加三倍。
这些发现表明，在巴西，酒后驾车相当普遍，而且比其他国家类似调查所显示的更为频繁。
