激活社区促进健康：一种过程评估方法。
Activating communities for health promotion: a process evaluation method.
作者信息
Wickizer T M, Von Korff M, Cheadle A, Maeser J, Wagner E H, Pearson D, Beery W, Psaty B M
机构信息
Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1993 Apr;83(4):561-7. doi: 10.2105/ajph.83.4.561.
OBJECTIVES
To date, evaluations of community-based prevention programs have focused on assessing outcomes, not the process of organizing communities for health promotion. An approach was developed to analyze community organization efforts aimed at advancing community health objectives. These organizational processes are referred to as community activation.
METHODS
Information was gathered from 762 informants through a key informant survey conducted in 28 western communities. The data collected included informant ratings of community activation and information about interorganizational activities analyzed through network analytic techniques.
RESULTS
Activation levels, as measured by informant ratings, varied across communities. Program coordination, as measured by network analysis, occurred, on average, approximately 30% of the time. Higher income communities tended to be more activated than lower income communities.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a widely recognized need for improved information about health-related community organization activities. It appears possible to gather such information through key informant surveys and to develop measures of community organization status that can be used in the evaluation of community health promotion programs.
目标
迄今为止，对基于社区的预防项目的评估主要集中在评估结果上，而非组织社区进行健康促进的过程。已开发出一种方法来分析旨在推进社区健康目标的社区组织工作。这些组织过程被称为社区激活。
方法
通过在28个西部社区开展的关键 informant 调查，从762名 informant 收集信息。收集的数据包括 informant 对社区激活的评分以及通过网络分析技术分析的组织间活动信息。
结果
根据 informant 评分衡量的激活水平在不同社区有所差异。通过网络分析衡量的项目协调平均约占30%的时间。高收入社区往往比低收入社区更具活力。
结论
人们普遍认识到需要更多关于与健康相关的社区组织活动的信息。似乎可以通过关键 informant 调查收集此类信息，并制定可用于评估社区健康促进项目的社区组织状况衡量指标。
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