Elcarte López R, Villa Elizaga I, Sada Goñi J, Gasco Eguiluz M, Oyarzabal Irigoyen M, Sola Mateos A, García Ibero C, Martínez González A, Ferrer Giménez M, Fonteneda Estíbaliz A
Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Hospital Virgen del Camino, Pamplona, Navarra.
An Esp Pediatr. 1993 Mar;38(3):198-204.
As part of an epidemiological study on cardiovascular risk factors among children and adolescents in Navarra, lipids and lipoproteins were analyzed in 5,829 children of both sexes. The subjects were between 4 and 17 years of age and were selected at random from the school population in our community. In this article we analyze the variations in HDL-cholesterol and cholesterol/HDL and LDL/HDL risk quotients according to age and sex. Beginning at the age of 10, the HDL decreases in both sexes, although this decrease is more evident among males and they obtain levels lower than those during early childhood. Among females older than 14 there is a slight increase. Apparently the decrease in HDL among male adolescents is due to an increase in the production of testosterone during this stage of life. Both risk quotients decrease until the children are 10 years of age, after which they increase among males and stabilize or slightly decrease among females. For this reason, scores are higher for males during the last years of adolescence. The cardiovascular lipid risk increases with age and during adolescence in higher among males and depends more on the variations in HDL than on variations in cholesterol or LDL. We believe that the best definition for cardiovascular lipid risk during the infancy or adolescents is one which is based on the risk quotients.
作为纳瓦拉地区一项关于儿童和青少年心血管危险因素的流行病学研究的一部分，对5829名男女儿童的脂质和脂蛋白进行了分析。研究对象年龄在4至17岁之间，从我们社区的学校人群中随机选取。在本文中，我们根据年龄和性别分析了高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-胆固醇）以及胆固醇/HDL和低密度脂蛋白/HDL风险商数的变化。从10岁开始，男女两性的HDL均下降，不过这种下降在男性中更为明显，他们的HDL水平低于幼儿期。在14岁以上的女性中，HDL有轻微上升。显然，男性青少年HDL的下降是由于在这个生命阶段睾酮分泌增加所致。两个风险商数在儿童10岁之前下降，之后在男性中上升，在女性中则保持稳定或略有下降。因此，在青春期的最后几年男性的得分更高。心血管脂质风险随年龄增长而增加，在青春期男性中的风险更高，并且更多地取决于HDL的变化而非胆固醇或低密度脂蛋白（LDL）的变化。我们认为，婴儿期或青少年期心血管脂质风险的最佳定义是基于风险商数的定义。
