Bazzarre T L, Scarpino A, Sigmon R, Marquart L F, Wu S M, Izurieta M
American Heart Association, National Center, Dallas, TX 75231-4596.
J Am Coll Nutr. 1993 Apr;12(2):162-9. doi: 10.1080/07315724.1993.10718297.
Dietary, anthropometric, and chronic disease risk factors (CDRF) including blood lipids and blood pressure (BP), were measured in 91 vitamin-mineral supplement users (SU) and nonusers (NU) representing a wide range of athletic interests. Supplements were used by 46 (51%) subjects; 100% of female athletes and 51% of male athletes used supplements while none of a group of 15 control female subjects currently used supplements. Both dietary intake and energy expenditure were measured using 7-day records. Adiposity was determined from body weight, body mass index, and skinfolds. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum ferritin, hemoglobin, hematocrit, zinc, copper, and vitamin C were based on 12-hour fasting blood samples. Dietary intake (excluding supplements) for SU tended to be greater than NU for vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, B6, B12, folate, calcium, iron and magnesium. Plasma vitamin C levels were significantly higher among SU than NU of both gender groups (p < 0.05). Although SU may exhibit additional healthy lifestyle practices, lipid profiles for many of these athletes were unfavorable with regard to CDRF.
在91名代表广泛运动兴趣的维生素 - 矿物质补充剂使用者（SU）和非使用者（NU）中，测量了饮食、人体测量学指标以及包括血脂和血压（BP）在内的慢性病风险因素（CDRF）。46名（51%）受试者使用了补充剂；100%的女运动员和51%的男运动员使用了补充剂，而一组15名对照女性受试者中目前无人使用补充剂。饮食摄入量和能量消耗均通过7天记录进行测量。根据体重、体重指数和皮褶厚度确定肥胖程度。总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血清铁蛋白、血红蛋白、血细胞比容、锌、铜和维生素C基于12小时空腹血样。SU的饮食摄入量（不包括补充剂）在维生素C、硫胺素、核黄素、烟酸、B6、B12、叶酸、钙、铁和镁方面往往高于NU。SU中两个性别组的血浆维生素C水平均显著高于NU（p < 0.05）。尽管SU可能表现出其他健康的生活方式，但这些运动员中的许多人的血脂谱在CDRF方面并不理想。
