Reiners C
Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universität-Gesamthochschule Essen, FRG.
Nuklearmedizin. 1993 Feb;32(1):47-51.
The hypothetical risk of medical radiation exposure is often extrapolated to large population groups using arbitrary assumptions. To assess risk and benefit of diagnostic nuclear medicine and roentgenology, estimation of individual loss of life expectancy should be preferred. Employing ICRP 60 figures, diagnostic medical radiation exposure yields effective doses which commonly lie below or within the range of annual exposure from natural radiation (1-6 mSv). On an average, the individual medical exposure in Germany is estimated to be between 1 and 2 mSv which--extrapolated to total lifespan--leads to a hypothetical loss of life expectancy of 20-40 days. In the light of the rapid increase of life expectancy due to progresses in medical diagnostics and treatment after the introduction of X-rays, this figure is negligibly small.
医学辐射暴露的假设风险通常是基于任意假设外推至大量人群。为评估诊断性核医学和放射学的风险与益处，应优先估算个体预期寿命的损失。采用国际放射防护委员会第60号出版物的数据，诊断性医学辐射暴露产生的有效剂量通常低于或处于天然辐射年暴露剂量范围（1 - 6毫希沃特）之内。在德国，个体医疗照射平均估计在1至2毫希沃特之间，外推至整个寿命期，这会导致预期寿命假设性减少20 - 40天。鉴于自X射线引入后医学诊断和治疗取得进展，预期寿命迅速增加，这一数字小到可以忽略不计。
