Department of Physical Therapy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
B. Young Physical Therapy, Fuquay-Varina, North Carolina, USA.
Braz J Phys Ther. 2015 Sep-Oct;19(5):421-8. doi: 10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0123. Epub 2015 Oct 6.
Injuries to runners are common. However, there are many potential contributing factors to injury. While lack of flexibility alone is commonly related to injury, there are clear differences in hamstring flexibility between males and females.
To compare the effect of static hamstring length on sagittal plane mechanics between male and female runners.
Forty subjects (30.0±6.4 years) participated and were placed in one of 4 groups: flexible males (n=10), inflexible males (n=10), flexible females (n=10), and inflexible females (n=10). All subjects were free of injury at the time of data collection. Three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics were collected while subjects ran over ground across 2 force platforms. Sagittal plane joint angles and moments were calculated at the knee and hip and compared with a 2-way (sex X flexibility) ANOVA (α=0.05).
Males exhibited greater peak knee extension moment than females (M=2.80±0.47, F=2.48±0.52 Nm/kgm, p=0.05) and inflexible runners exhibited greater peak knee extension moment than flexible runners (In=2.83±0.56, Fl=2.44±0.51 Nm/kgm, p=0.01). For hip flexion at initial contact, a significant interaction existed (p<0.05). Flexible females (36.7±7.4º) exhibited more hip flexion than inflexible females (27.9±4.6º, p<0.01) and flexible males (30.1±9.5º, p<0.05). No differences existed for knee angle at initial contact, peak knee angle, peak hip angle, or peak hip moment.
Hamstring flexibility results in different mechanical profiles in males and females. Flexibility in the hamstrings may result in decreased moments via active or passive tension. These differences may have implications for performance and injury in flexible female runners.
跑步者受伤很常见。然而，受伤有许多潜在的促成因素。虽然单独缺乏柔韧性通常与受伤有关，但男性和女性的腘绳肌柔韧性有明显差异。
比较男性和女性跑步者静态腘绳肌长度对矢状面力学的影响。
40 名受试者（30.0±6.4 岁）参与研究，分为 4 组：柔韧性男性（n=10）、非柔韧性男性（n=10）、柔韧性女性（n=10）和非柔韧性女性（n=10）。所有受试者在数据收集时均无受伤。当受试者在两个力台上跑步时，收集三维运动学和动力学。在膝关节和髋关节处计算矢状面关节角度和力矩，并与 2 因素（性别 X 柔韧性）方差分析（α=0.05）进行比较。
男性的峰值膝关节伸展力矩大于女性（M=2.80±0.47，F=2.48±0.52 Nm/kgm，p=0.05），非柔韧性跑步者的峰值膝关节伸展力矩大于柔韧性跑步者（In=2.83±0.56，Fl=2.44±0.51 Nm/kgm，p=0.01）。在初始接触时，髋关节屈曲有显著的交互作用（p<0.05）。柔韧性女性（36.7±7.4º）的髋关节屈曲度大于非柔韧性女性（27.9±4.6º，p<0.01）和柔韧性男性（30.1±9.5º，p<0.05）。在初始接触时的膝关节角度、峰值膝关节角度、峰值髋关节角度或峰值髋关节力矩方面没有差异。
腘绳肌柔韧性导致男性和女性的力学特征不同。腘绳肌的柔韧性可能通过主动或被动张力导致力矩减小。这些差异可能对柔韧性女性跑步者的表现和受伤有影响。
