Flynn T W, Soutas-Little R W
William Beaumont Army Medical Center, El Paso, TX.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1993 Feb;17(2):108-12. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1993.17.2.108.
Recently, there has been increasing interest in using backward running (BR) as an exercise and rehabilitation tool. To date, no study has been performed that combined electromyography (EMG) and joint kinetics to study BR. The purpose of this study was to compare selected EMG and kinetic parameters in the stance phase of forward running (FR) and backward running (BR). The sagittal plane of the right knee was analyzed during three trials of FR and BR in six male subjects. Four 60-Hz video cameras collected motion data, and a link segment model of the right lower extremity was established. Force plate and EMG data were collected at 1000 Hz and synchronized with the video data. The knee muscle peak (+) and peak (-) mechanical power and total (+) and total (-) mechanical work were calculated. Electromyography signals were captured from the right lower extremity on the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior muscles. Statistical analysis indicated that significantly less (p < 0.05) peak (+) and (-) power and total (+) work occurred at the knee during BR than during FR. Significant differences (p < .05) in muscle firing patterns between conditions were observed. Muscle action of the vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis oblique (VMO) was largely eccentric and concentric during FR and isometric and concentric during BR. Backward running appears to be a good method for achieving isometric and concentric muscle action of the VMO and VL and may be useful in clinical conditions that require an increase in knee extensor strength.
最近，人们对将向后跑（BR）用作一种运动和康复工具的兴趣日益浓厚。迄今为止，尚未有研究将肌电图（EMG）和关节动力学结合起来研究向后跑。本研究的目的是比较向前跑（FR）和向后跑（BR）站立阶段的选定肌电图和动力学参数。在六名男性受试者进行的三次向前跑和向后跑试验中，对右膝矢状面进行了分析。四台60赫兹的摄像机收集运动数据，并建立了右下肢的环节模型。测力板和肌电图数据以1000赫兹的频率收集，并与视频数据同步。计算了膝关节肌肉的峰值（+）和峰值（-）机械功率以及总（+）和总（-）机械功。从右下肢的股直肌、股外侧肌、股内侧肌、股二头肌、腓肠肌和胫骨前肌采集肌电图信号。统计分析表明，向后跑时膝关节处的峰值（+）和（-）功率以及总（+）功明显低于向前跑时（p < 0.05）。观察到不同条件下肌肉放电模式存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。在向前跑时，股外侧肌（VL）和股内侧斜肌（VMO）的肌肉作用主要是离心和向心的，而在向后跑时是等长和向心的。向后跑似乎是实现VMO和VL等长和向心肌肉作用的一种好方法，可能对需要增强膝关节伸肌力量的临床情况有用。
