Chaouloff F
Department of Pharmacology, CNRS, CHU Necker-E.M., Paris, France.
Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 1993 Jan-Apr;18(1):1-32. doi: 10.1016/0165-0173(93)90005-k.
The present review tries to delineate some mechanisms through which the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) interact with central serotonergic systems. The recent progress in 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor pharmacology has helped to define the means by which central serotonergic activity may alter the respective activities of the SNS (sympathetic nerves and adrenomedulla) and of the HPA axis. These pharmacological findings have also helped to characterize the differential effects of central 5-HT upon different branches of the SNS and the numerous sites at which 5-HT exerts stimulatory influences upon the HPA axis. Although relevant to stress-related neuroendocrinology, the extent to which these interactions are involved in the antidepressant/anxiolytic properties of some serotonergic agents still remains to be clarified. Beside these findings, there is also abundant evidence for a tight control of central serotonergic systems by stress hormones. Activation of the SNS increases, by numerous means, central availability of tryptophan, whereas glucocorticoids exert differential actions upon the intra- and the extraneuronal regulation of 5-HT function. Actually, a significant number of these mechanisms is involved in the maintenance of homeostasis during stressful events, thereby conferring to these mechanisms a key role in adaptation processes.
本综述试图描述交感神经系统（SNS）和下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺（HPA）轴与中枢5-羟色胺能系统相互作用的一些机制。5-羟色胺（5-HT）受体药理学的最新进展有助于明确中枢5-羟色胺能活性改变SNS（交感神经和肾上腺髓质）及HPA轴各自活性的方式。这些药理学研究结果也有助于阐明中枢5-HT对SNS不同分支以及5-HT对HPA轴发挥刺激作用的众多位点的不同影响。尽管这些相互作用与应激相关神经内分泌学相关，但这些相互作用在某些5-羟色胺能药物的抗抑郁/抗焦虑特性中所起的作用程度仍有待阐明。除了这些研究结果外，也有大量证据表明应激激素对中枢5-羟色胺能系统有严格调控。SNS的激活通过多种方式增加色氨酸的中枢可利用性，而糖皮质激素对5-HT功能的神经元内和神经元外调节具有不同作用。实际上，这些机制中有相当一部分参与应激事件期间内环境稳态的维持，从而使这些机制在适应过程中发挥关键作用。
