Dourmashkin R R, Bucher D, Oxford J S
Department of Medical Microbiology, London Hospital Medical College, England.
J Med Virol. 1993 Mar;39(3):229-32. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890390310.
Electron microscopy (EM) of cell sections showed cell associated virus-like particles (VLP), 50-60 nm in diameter, budding from the membrane of human lymphoid cells in culture. The particles had an envelope continuous with the cell membrane and a dense core that almost filled the particle. Particles 70-80 nm in diameter with prominent external spikes were found in the culture medium by negative staining (medium-associated VLP). Cell-associated VLP were also present in cord lymphocytes, both on initial separation and after culture with or without foetal calf serum, and therefore were considered to be endogenous to the cells and were not bovine diarrhoea virus. VLP were observed in most of the lymphoid cell lines examined. VLP were also found less frequently in established human tumour and nontumour cell lines. Both cell-associated and medium-associated VLP were also present in HIV infected cell cultures, and they could be distinguished from HIV by their characteristic morphology and smaller size. It was not determined whether the 2 types of particle represented the same entity, or whether they were defective virus particles or a cellular secretory product.
细胞切片的电子显微镜（EM）观察显示，在培养的人淋巴细胞的细胞膜上，有直径为50 - 60纳米的与细胞相关的病毒样颗粒（VLP）出芽。这些颗粒有一层与细胞膜相连的包膜和一个几乎充满颗粒的致密核心。通过负染色在培养基中发现了直径为70 - 80纳米、带有明显外部刺突的颗粒（与培养基相关的VLP）。在脐带淋巴细胞中，无论是在初次分离时还是在用或不用胎牛血清培养后，都存在与细胞相关的VLP，因此被认为是细胞内源性的，而非牛腹泻病毒。在所检测的大多数淋巴细胞系中都观察到了VLP。在已建立的人肿瘤和非肿瘤细胞系中，VLP的发现频率较低。在HIV感染的细胞培养物中也同时存在与细胞相关和与培养基相关的VLP，并且可以通过其特征性形态和较小的尺寸将它们与HIV区分开来。目前尚未确定这两种类型的颗粒是否代表同一实体，或者它们是有缺陷的病毒颗粒还是细胞分泌产物。
