Stamp D, Zhang X M, Medline A, Bruce W R, Archer M C
Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Carcinogenesis. 1993 Apr;14(4):777-9. doi: 10.1093/carcin/14.4.777.
The association of refined sugars and colorectal cancers and polyps in three recent case-control studies led us to investigate the effects of sucrose, fructose and glucose on colonic epithelial proliferation and sensitivity to carcinogenesis. CF1 and C57BL/6J mice were used; proliferation was assessed as vincristine-accumulated mitotic figures per crypt section; sensitivity to carcinogenesis was assessed as the number of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) per colon observed following the colon carcinogen, azoxymethane (AOM, 3 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg). Oral gavages of sucrose and fructose in CF1 mice (10 g/kg) increased colonic proliferation 16 h later (2.8 +/- 0.6 and 4.1 +/- 0.7 (mean +/- SEM) accumulated mitotic figures/crypt section), compared with glucose and water (1.0 +/- 0.2 and 0.4 +/- 0.1). Sucrose and fructose given 14 h prior to the AOM (5 mg/kg) increased the sensitivity of the colon to carcinogenesis (18.4 +/- 1.5 and 13.1 +/- 1.8 ACF/colon), compared with glucose and water (11.4 +/- 2.0 and 8.6 +/- 1.1). Similar results were observed with C57BL/6J mice. We conclude that dietary sucrose and fructose may represent risk factors for colorectal cancer through a direct effect of the sugars on colonic epithelial proliferation.
最近三项病例对照研究中精制糖与结直肠癌及息肉的关联，促使我们研究蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖对结肠上皮细胞增殖及致癌敏感性的影响。使用了CF1和C57BL/6J小鼠；增殖情况通过每个隐窝切片中长春新碱累积的有丝分裂图像来评估；致癌敏感性通过在给予结肠致癌物氧化偶氮甲烷（AOM，3mg/kg和5mg/kg）后观察到的每只结肠异常隐窝灶（ACF）数量来评估。CF1小鼠口服蔗糖和果糖（10g/kg）16小时后，结肠增殖增加（分别为2.8±0.6和4.1±0.7（平均值±标准误）累积有丝分裂图像/隐窝切片），而葡萄糖和水组分别为1.0±0.2和0.4±0.1。在给予AOM（5mg/kg）前14小时给予蔗糖和果糖，增加了结肠对致癌作用的敏感性（分别为18.4±1.5和13.1±1.8个ACF/结肠），而葡萄糖和水组分别为11.4±2.0和8.6±1.1。C57BL/6J小鼠也观察到类似结果。我们得出结论，饮食中的蔗糖和果糖可能通过这些糖对结肠上皮细胞增殖的直接作用，成为结直肠癌的危险因素。
