Fischer G D, Rinaldo C R, Gbadero D, Kingsley L A, Ndimbie O, Howard C, Montemayor P C, Langer A, Sibolboro W
Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15261.
Epidemiol Infect. 1993 Apr;110(2):373-8. doi: 10.1017/s095026880006831x.
Excessive weight loss due to protein calorie malnutrition (PCM) is a significant problem in Nigerian children. This syndrome may be difficult to differentiate from the wasting disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We studied 70 children admitted to the Baptist Medical Center in Ogbomosho, Nigeria in 1990 with PCM for prevalence of antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2. The cohort was from low-risk mothers and had a median age of 25 months (range, 4 months-9 years) with a weight deficit of at least 20% of the theoretical weight for age. Two sera were positive for anti-HIV-1 by both ELISA and Western blot (WB). A high prevalence of samples negative for HIV-1 antibody by ELISA were repeatedly reactive (11%, 8/70) or indeterminate (46%, 32/70) by WB. None of the sera was positive for antibody to HIV-2. There was no correlation of ELISA positivity or extent of WB banding with successful recovery from malnutrition. These results indicate a relatively low but significant prevalence of HIV-1 infection in Nigerian children with PCM. The high prevalence of indeterminate reactions in WB assays for HIV-1 suggests that other procedures may be necessary for confirmatory diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in this African population.
蛋白质热量营养不良（PCM）导致的过度体重减轻是尼日利亚儿童面临的一个重大问题。这种综合征可能难以与1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）感染引起的消瘦病区分开来。1990年，我们对尼日利亚奥格博莫索浸信会医疗中心收治的70名患有PCM的儿童进行了研究，以检测HIV-1和HIV-2抗体的流行情况。该队列来自低风险母亲，中位年龄为25个月（范围为4个月至9岁），体重不足至少为该年龄理论体重的20%。通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和蛋白质印迹法（WB）检测，两份血清抗HIV-1呈阳性。ELISA检测HIV-1抗体阴性的样本中，有较高比例通过WB检测呈反复反应性（11%，8/70）或不确定（46%，32/70）。没有一份血清抗HIV-2呈阳性。ELISA阳性或WB条带程度与营养不良成功恢复之间没有相关性。这些结果表明，患有PCM的尼日利亚儿童中HIV-1感染的患病率相对较低，但具有显著性。HIV-1的WB检测中不确定反应的高患病率表明，在这个非洲人群中，可能需要其他方法来确诊HIV-1感染。
