Akenami F O, Koskiniemi M, Ekanem E E, Bolarin D M, Vaheri A
Haartman Institute, Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Acta Trop. 1997 Apr 15;64(3-4):167-74. doi: 10.1016/s0001-706x(96)00629-8.
In order to assess the seroprevalence and coprevalence of hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg), human immunodeficiency virus-1 and -2 (HIV-1 and -2) antibodies in Nigerian children with/without protein energy malnutrition (PEM), we studied plasma specimens of 206 children with PEM and 200 apparently healthy reference children aged between 1 and 3 years by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). HIV-seropositive cases were confirmed by immunoblotting (IB). Of the children studied, eight (4%) of the healthy and four (1.9%) of the malnourished (P = 0.22, Fisher's exact test) were positive for HIV-1 antibodies, 40 (20%) of the healthy and 54 (26%) of the malnourished (P = 0.14) were positive for HBsAg, and five (2.5%) of the healthy and four (1.9%) of the malnourished (P = 0.70) were positive for both HIV-1/HBsAg. No case of HIV-2 antibodies was found. While the seroprevalence of HBsAg was higher in the malnourished subjects, the reverse was the case with HIV antibodies. However, all the four HIV-1-positive malnourished children and five of eight of the HIV-1-positive reference children were simultaneously positive for HBsAg. This is the first epidemiological report on the seroprevalence and coprevalence of HIV and HBsAg in apparently healthy and malnourished Nigerian children.
为评估患有/未患有蛋白质能量营养不良（PEM）的尼日利亚儿童中乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）、人类免疫缺陷病毒1型和2型（HIV-1和HIV-2）抗体的血清流行率和合并流行率，我们采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法研究了206名患有PEM的儿童和200名年龄在1至3岁的明显健康的对照儿童的血浆样本。HIV血清阳性病例通过免疫印迹法（IB）进行确认。在研究的儿童中，健康儿童中有8名（4%）、营养不良儿童中有4名（1.9%）HIV-1抗体呈阳性（P = 0.22，Fisher精确检验）；健康儿童中有40名（20%）、营养不良儿童中有54名（26%）HBsAg呈阳性（P = 0.14）；健康儿童中有5名（2.5%）、营养不良儿童中有4名（1.9%）HIV-1/HBsAg均呈阳性（P = 0.70）。未发现HIV-2抗体阳性病例。虽然营养不良儿童中HBsAg的血清流行率较高，但HIV抗体的情况则相反。然而，所有4名HIV-1阳性的营养不良儿童和8名HIV-1阳性对照儿童中的5名同时HBsAg呈阳性。这是关于尼日利亚明显健康和营养不良儿童中HIV和HBsAg血清流行率及合并流行率的首份流行病学报告。
