Codner E C, Lurus A G, Miller J B, Gavin P R, Gallina A, Barbee D D
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993 Apr 1;202(7):1106-10.
Computed tomography was evaluated as a noninvasive technique for the diagnosis of chronic nasal disease in dogs. Computed tomographic images, radiographs, and histopathologic findings were compared in 11 dogs with chronic nasal disease. Definitive diagnosis was made following traumatic nasal flush, exploratory surgery, or necropsy. The study included 8 dogs with intranasal tumors, 2 dogs with bacterial rhinitis (Pasteurella sp), and 1 dog with mycotic rhinitis (Aspergillus sp). Computed tomography was superior to radiography in defining the extent of the disease process and in differentiating infectious rhinitis from nasal neoplasms. It defined lesions in the palate, nasopharyngeal meatus, maxillary sinus, caudal ethmoturbinates, and periorbital tissues that were difficult to demonstrate by use of conventional radiography. Tumors appeared as space-occupying lesions that obliterated the turbinates, caused deviation of the nasal septum, and eroded bone. Rhinitis appeared as a cavitating lesion that spared the paranasal sinuses, thickened and distorted the turbinates, and widened the meatus. Although morphologically distinct on computed tomographic images, infectious rhinitis and nasal neoplasms could not be differentiated by attenuation measurements or degree of contrast enhancement. Computed tomography appeared to be a reliable, noninvasive technique for the diagnosis of chronic nasal disease in dogs, and a promising alternative to diagnostic techniques currently in use.
计算机断层扫描被评估为一种用于诊断犬慢性鼻腔疾病的非侵入性技术。对11只患有慢性鼻腔疾病的犬的计算机断层扫描图像、X光片和组织病理学结果进行了比较。通过外伤性鼻腔冲洗、探查性手术或尸检做出明确诊断。该研究包括8只患有鼻内肿瘤的犬、2只患有细菌性鼻炎（巴斯德氏菌属）的犬和1只患有霉菌性鼻炎（曲霉菌属）的犬。在确定疾病过程的范围以及区分感染性鼻炎和鼻肿瘤方面，计算机断层扫描优于X光摄影。它能确定硬腭、鼻咽道、上颌窦、尾侧筛鼻甲和眶周组织中的病变，而这些病变用传统X光摄影很难显示。肿瘤表现为占据空间的病变，使鼻甲消失，导致鼻中隔偏曲，并侵蚀骨质。鼻炎表现为空洞性病变，不累及鼻窦，使鼻甲增厚和变形，并使鼻道增宽。虽然在计算机断层扫描图像上形态不同，但感染性鼻炎和鼻肿瘤无法通过衰减测量或对比增强程度来区分。计算机断层扫描似乎是一种可靠的、非侵入性的诊断犬慢性鼻腔疾病的技术，并且是目前使用的诊断技术的一种有前景的替代方法。
