Bourgeois M S
University Center for Social and Urban Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1993 Spring;26(1):77-87. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1993.26-77.
The effects of a prosthetic memory aid on the conversational content and social skills of dyads with dementia were evaluated. Six individuals with moderate to severe dementia served as either subject or partner in dyads during 5-min conversational probes conducted three times per week in day-care and nursing-home settings. During phases when a memory aid, consisting of personally relevant picture and sentence stimuli, was available, most subjects used their own aid to improve the quality of conversations by increasing the frequency of on-topic statements, diminishing nonproductive utterances, lengthening their conversational turn, and/or increasing the frequency of turns taken. Most partners demonstrated awareness of social discourse conventions by appropriately relinquishing conversational dominance, decreasing both content and nonproductive utterances, and increasing acknowledging or affirmative comments when subjects used memory aids. Naive judges' ratings of aided and unaided conversational samples on seven conversational dimensions reflected differences in perceptions of significant improvement as a function of the conversational discourse style of each dyad.
评估了一种假体记忆辅助工具对患有痴呆症的二人组对话内容和社交技能的影响。六名中重度痴呆患者在日托和养老院环境中，每周进行三次为期5分钟的对话测试时，分别作为二人组中的受试者或伙伴。在使用由个人相关图片和句子刺激组成的记忆辅助工具的阶段，大多数受试者通过增加切题陈述的频率、减少无效话语、延长对话轮次和/或增加轮流次数来使用自己的辅助工具提高对话质量。大多数伙伴通过适当放弃对话主导权、减少内容和无效话语以及在受试者使用记忆辅助工具时增加认可或肯定性评论，表现出对社交话语惯例的意识。天真的评判者对有辅助和无辅助对话样本在七个对话维度上的评分反映了，根据每个二人组的对话话语风格，在显著改善的认知上存在差异。
