Pearson A D, Greenwood M, Healing T D, Rollins D, Shahamat M, Donaldson J, Colwell R R
Infection Control Department, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, England.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1993 Apr;59(4):987-96. doi: 10.1128/aem.59.4.987-996.1993.
Chickens on a broiler farm in southern England were found to be colonized with Campylobacter jejuni of a single serotype, Lior 1 Penner 4. The farm was the sole supplier of a local slaughterhouse associated with a campylobacter outbreak in 1984 caused by this serotype. The serotype persisted on the farm for at least 18 months after the outbreak; its prevalence in the human population served by the farm remained high until it disappeared from the farm in 1986. The possible sources and routes of transmission of C. jejuni to the broilers on the farm were investigated. The results showed that vertical transmission, feed, litter, small mammals, and environmental or airborne cross-contamination between sheds or successive crops could be excluded as persistent sources of C. jejuni. The predominant source of C. jejuni on the farm was shown to be the water supply. Direct microscopy and fluorescent antibody methods revealed presumptive campylobacters throughout the farm's water system. Campylobacter-free chickens raised in an animal house and given water from the farm supply became colonized with the serotype of C. jejuni endemic on the farm (Lior 1 Penner 4). An intervention program based on water chlorination, shed drinking system cleaning and disinfection, and withdrawal of furazolidone from feed reduced the proportion of birds colonized with campylobacter from 81 to 7% and was associated with a 1,000- to 10,000-fold reduction in campylobacters recoverable from the carcasses. Two months after the end of the intervention program colonization of the birds returned to high levels (84%), indicating that there was a temporal association between intervention and reduced colonization with C. jejuni. Investigations continue to establish the general applicability of these findings.
在英格兰南部一个肉鸡养殖场发现，鸡群感染了单一血清型的空肠弯曲菌，即Lior 1 Penner 4。该养殖场是当地一家屠宰场的唯一供应商，1984年该屠宰场发生了由这种血清型引起的弯曲菌暴发。疫情暴发后，这种血清型在养殖场持续存在了至少18个月；在该养殖场服务的人群中，其流行率一直很高，直到1986年从养殖场消失。对空肠弯曲菌在该养殖场肉鸡中的可能来源和传播途径进行了调查。结果表明，垂直传播、饲料、垫料、小型哺乳动物以及鸡舍或连续批次作物之间的环境或空气传播交叉污染可被排除为空肠弯曲菌的持续来源。该养殖场空肠弯曲菌的主要来源是供水系统。直接显微镜检查和荧光抗体法在整个养殖场的供水系统中均发现了疑似弯曲菌。在动物舍中饲养并饮用该养殖场供水的无弯曲菌鸡群，被该养殖场流行的空肠弯曲菌血清型（Lior 1 Penner 4）定植。一项基于水氯化处理、鸡舍饮水系统清洁和消毒以及从饲料中停用呋喃唑酮的干预计划，使感染弯曲菌的鸡的比例从81%降至7%，并且与从屠体中可回收的弯曲菌数量减少1000至10000倍相关。干预计划结束两个月后，鸡群的定植率又回升到较高水平（84%），这表明干预措施与空肠弯曲菌定植率降低之间存在时间关联。调查仍在继续，以确定这些发现的普遍适用性。
