McNally R J, Kohlbeck P A
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Behav Res Ther. 1993 Mar;31(3):249-53. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(93)90023-n.
Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) often doubt whether they have performed an action or merely imagined having performed it. Such doubts suggest that OCD patients may have deficits in reality monitoring--the ability to distinguish memories of doing from memories of imagined doing. We compared the reality monitoring abilities of OCD checkers, OCD noncheckers and normal control Ss. Although we found no evidence of reality monitoring deficits in OCD patients, they tended to express less confidence in their memories relative to control Ss. These findings suggest that obsessional doubt may reflect deficits in memory confidence rather than deficits in memory per se.
患有强迫症（OCD）的个体常常怀疑自己是否执行了某个行为，还是仅仅想象自己执行了该行为。这种怀疑表明，强迫症患者在现实监控方面可能存在缺陷——即区分实际行为记忆和想象行为记忆的能力。我们比较了强迫症检查者、非检查者以及正常对照组的现实监控能力。尽管我们没有发现强迫症患者存在现实监控缺陷的证据，但相对于对照组，他们对自己记忆的信心往往较低。这些发现表明，强迫性怀疑可能反映的是记忆信心的缺陷，而非记忆本身的缺陷。
