Constans J I, Foa E B, Franklin M E, Mathews A
Psychology Service, VAMC, New Orleans, LA 70146, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 1995 Jul;33(6):665-71. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(94)00095-2.
Information-processing theorists have suggested that obsessive-compulsive (OC) checking may be a function of either (1) an impaired memory of emotional events, (2) an attenuated ability to distinguish between real and imagined events or (3) a dissatisfaction with one's recall without actual memory impairment. These hypotheses were tested by having OC and control Ss engage in real and imagined actions. Some of the actions were designed to produce anxiety in the OC Ss while other events were designed to be emotionally neutral. No differences in reality-monitoring ability were found between OC and control Ss. Contrary to our prediction, OC Ss recall of their last actual behavior was superior to controls, but only for those actions that elicited anxiety. OC Ss, but not controls, reported that they desired higher levels of memory vividness than they were able to produce. The potential mechanism whereby dissatisfaction with memory vividness could contribute to repetitive checking is discussed.
信息加工理论学家提出，强迫性（OC）检查可能是以下任一因素的作用：（1）对情感事件的记忆受损；（2）区分真实与想象事件的能力减弱；或（3）对自身回忆不满意但无实际记忆损伤。通过让强迫症患者（OC）和对照组被试参与真实和想象的行为来检验这些假设。部分行为旨在使强迫症患者产生焦虑，而其他事件则设计为情绪中性。在强迫症患者和对照组被试之间未发现现实监测能力存在差异。与我们的预测相反，强迫症患者对其最后实际行为的回忆优于对照组，但仅限于那些引发焦虑的行为。强迫症患者（而非对照组）报告称，他们期望的记忆清晰度水平高于其所能达到的水平。文中讨论了对记忆清晰度不满意可能导致重复检查的潜在机制。
