Hammond A B, Smahel Z, Moss M L
Department of Anatomy, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032.
J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol. 1993 Jan-Mar;13(1):47-56.
The craniofacial morphology in unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) prior to palatoplasty was analyzed with the finite element method (FEM). The study examined cross-sectional data sets of affected and control males aged 4.5 to 6.0 years from Czechoslovakia. The facial skeleton and cranial base were discretized into 26 two-dimensional, triangular finite elements. Cranial base morphology is altered in UCLP. The extensive nature of most craniofacial deformities means that almost any registration is likely to be distorted. The fundamental advantage of the FEM is that biological descriptions are not dependent upon the selected reference plane. The FEM localizes changes in form to discrete anatomical regions. Significant shape and size differences characterize UCLP prior to palatoplasty. Dramatic deformations associated with cheiloplasty are localized to the lips and maxillary alveolar process. Nasal deformation reflects loss of structural support for the nose.
采用有限元法（FEM）分析腭裂修复术前单侧唇腭裂（UCLP）的颅面形态。该研究检查了来自捷克斯洛伐克的4.5至6.0岁受影响男性和对照男性的横断面数据集。面部骨骼和颅底被离散为26个二维三角形有限元。UCLP患者的颅底形态发生改变。大多数颅面畸形的广泛性意味着几乎任何配准都可能失真。有限元法的根本优势在于生物学描述不依赖于所选的参考平面。有限元法将形态变化定位到离散的解剖区域。腭裂修复术前UCLP具有明显的形状和大小差异。与唇裂修复相关的剧烈变形局限于嘴唇和上颌牙槽突。鼻畸形反映了对鼻子结构支撑的丧失。
