Leon A C, Klerman G L, Wickramaratne P
Department of Psychiatry, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10021.
Am J Public Health. 1993 May;83(5):754-7. doi: 10.2105/ajph.83.5.754.
This paper examines gender differences in temporal trends for major depressive disorder in childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood. The study sample, a high-risk group from the National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Study on the Psychobiology of Depression, includes 2000 first-degree relatives of probands with affective disorder. The age-specific incidence rates were analyzed to determine the effect of gender, age, period, and cohort on depression by age 35. Women had nearly a twofold increase in risk of major depressive disorder, with rates peaking between adolescence and early adulthood. Vulnerability to depression was highest in the 1960s and 1970s. The rate increase in recent decades has not corresponded to a reduction in the gender differences.
本文研究了儿童期、青少年期和青年期重度抑郁症的时间趋势中的性别差异。研究样本来自美国国立精神卫生研究所抑郁症心理生物学合作研究中的高危人群，包括2000名情感障碍先证者的一级亲属。分析特定年龄的发病率，以确定性别、年龄、时期和队列对35岁前抑郁症的影响。女性患重度抑郁症的风险增加了近两倍，发病率在青春期和成年早期达到峰值。在20世纪60年代和70年代，患抑郁症的易感性最高。近几十年来发病率的上升与性别差异的缩小并不相符。
