Moon R W, Males M A, Nelson D E
J Public Health Policy. 1993 Spring;14(1):19-33.
In November 1990, voters in Montana defeated an initiative that would have increased the state's excise tax on a pack of cigarettes by 25 cents. The increased revenues were intended for tobacco education and research. Opponents of the measure, primarily tobacco companies, outspent proponents by more than 35 to 1. Their primary themes were opposition to new taxes and to a larger state bureaucracy. Based on the results of initiative campaigns in Montana and California, taxation initiatives are more likely to succeed if guidance is sought from leaders of similar campaigns in other states, tobacco control coalitions are built and funding secured early, and polling conducted before initiative measures are finalized. Other requirements for success include careful wording of the initiative, strong leadership, consideration of a paid petition drive, effective use of the news media, anticipating opposition arguments, and emphasizing the benefits of the tax increase in the campaign.
1990年11月，蒙大拿州的选民否决了一项倡议，该倡议原本打算将该州每包香烟的消费税提高25美分。增加的收入旨在用于烟草教育和研究。该措施的反对者主要是烟草公司，他们的支出比支持者多出35倍以上。他们的主要观点是反对新税和扩大州政府官僚机构。根据蒙大拿州和加利福尼亚州倡议活动的结果，如果向其他州类似活动的领导人寻求指导、尽早建立烟草控制联盟并确保资金、在倡议措施最终确定之前进行民意调查，税收倡议更有可能成功。其他成功的要求包括倡议措辞谨慎、强有力的领导、考虑有偿请愿活动、有效利用新闻媒体、预测反对观点以及在竞选活动中强调增税的好处。
