Baevsky R H, Bartfield J M
Department of Emergency Medicine, Albany Medical Center, NY 12208.
Am J Emerg Med. 1993 May;11(3):279-86. doi: 10.1016/0735-6757(93)90142-x.
Human rabies is a rarely observed but frequently prophylaxed disease in North America. Presented in this review is a typical emergency department case and a summary of the epidemiology of the rabies virus, its clinical appearances, diagnosis, and management. Emphasis is placed on issues pertinent to the emergency physician practicing in the United States. Current recommendations for the administration of both active and passive immunotherapy for preexposure and postexposure prophylaxis are discussed. A treatment algorithm to aid in the decisions faced by a practicing physician regarding proper animal management and patient therapy and future prospects for the control of rabies in wild animal populations are also included.
在北美，人类狂犬病是一种很少见但经常进行预防的疾病。本文回顾了一个典型的急诊科病例，并总结了狂犬病病毒的流行病学、临床表现、诊断和管理。重点关注与在美国执业的急诊医生相关的问题。讨论了当前对于暴露前和暴露后预防中主动和被动免疫疗法给药的建议。还包括一个有助于执业医生在适当的动物管理和患者治疗方面做出决策的治疗算法，以及野生动物群体中狂犬病控制的未来前景。
