Harburg E, Gunn R, Gleiberman L, DiFranceisco W, Schork A
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Veterans Administration Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI.
J Clin Epidemiol. 1993 May;46(5):413-22. doi: 10.1016/0895-4356(93)90017-u.
To reappraise a prior study of hangover signs and psychosocial factors among a sample of current drinkers, we excluded a subgroup termed Sobers, who report "never" being "tipsy, high or drunk." The non-sober current drinkers then formed the sample for this report (N = 1104). About 23% of this group reported no hangover signs regardless of their intake level or gender, and the rest showed no sex differences for any of 8 hangover signs reported. Using multiple regression, including ethanol, age and weight, it was found that psychosocial variables contributed independently in predicting to hangover for both men and women in this order: (1) guilt about drinking; (2) neuroticism; (3) angry or (4) depressed when high/drunk and (5) negative life events. For men only, ethanol intake was also significant; for women only, being younger and reporting first being high/drunk at a relatively earlier age were also predictors of the Hangover Sign Index (HSI). These multiple predictors accounted for 5-10 times more of the hangover variance than alcohol use alone: for men, R = 0.43, R2 = 19%; and for women, R = 0.46, R2 = 21%. The findings suggest that hangover signs are a function of age, sex, ethanol level and psychosocial factors.
为了重新评估一项关于当前饮酒者样本中宿醉症状和心理社会因素的先前研究，我们排除了一个被称为“清醒者”的亚组，他们报告“从未”有过“微醺、兴奋或醉酒”的情况。然后，非清醒的当前饮酒者构成了本报告的样本（N = 1104）。该组中约23%的人无论饮酒量或性别如何，均报告无宿醉症状，其余人在报告的8种宿醉症状中的任何一种上均无性别差异。通过多元回归分析，纳入乙醇、年龄和体重等因素后发现，心理社会变量按以下顺序独立地对男性和女性的宿醉情况产生预测作用：（1）饮酒内疚感；（2）神经质；（3）兴奋/醉酒时生气或（4）沮丧以及（5）负面生活事件。仅对男性而言，乙醇摄入量也具有显著影响；仅对女性而言，年龄较小以及报告首次兴奋/醉酒的年龄相对较早也是宿醉症状指数（HSI）的预测因素。这些多个预测因素对宿醉差异的解释力比单独的酒精使用高出5至10倍：对男性而言，R = 0.43，R2 = 19%；对女性而言，R = 0.46，R2 = 21%。研究结果表明，宿醉症状是年龄、性别、乙醇水平和心理社会因素的函数。
