Mills K C, Bean J W, Hutcheson J S
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1977 Jan;6(1):107-15. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(77)90166-6.
Two experiments are presented which describe the temporal and volumetric changes in ethanol consumption by rats exposed to recurring schedules of inescapable random shock. The animals in Experiment 1, which had a choice between ethanol and water, increased their voluntary ethanol consumption immediately after the shock schedule. The postshock changes occurred with both 5% and 10% V/V ethanol, were specific to the presence of shock and were not reflected by measures of total daily ethanol intake. Experiment 2 exposed rats to extended 22 hr stress sessions, during which each animal had four simultaneous fluid choices available: water, saccharin 0.1% W/V, ethanol 5% V/V, and ethanol 10% V/V. Temporal intake patterns for both 5% and 10% ethanol showed pronounced peaks for the interval immediately following the shock schedule. A shift of intake from 5% to 10% ethanol was also demonstrated with increasing time under shock, while saccharin and water intake decreased. The results are interpreted as a relationship between voluntary ethanol intake and escape from the consequences of stress.
本文介绍了两项实验，描述了暴露于反复不可逃避随机电击时间表的大鼠乙醇消耗量的时间和体积变化。实验1中的动物可以在乙醇和水之间进行选择，在电击时间表之后，它们立即增加了自愿乙醇消耗量。电击后的变化在5%和10%（V/V）乙醇浓度下均会出现，是电击存在所特有的，并且未通过每日乙醇总摄入量的测量反映出来。实验2将大鼠暴露于延长至22小时的应激时段，在此期间，每只动物有四种同时可选的液体：水、0.1%（W/V）糖精、5%（V/V）乙醇和10%（V/V）乙醇。5%和10%乙醇的时间摄入模式在电击时间表后的间隔立即显示出明显的峰值。随着电击时间的增加，摄入量也从5%乙醇转移到10%乙醇，而糖精和水的摄入量减少。结果被解释为自愿乙醇摄入量与逃避应激后果之间的关系。
