Nash J F, Maickel R P
Life Sci. 1985 Aug 26;37(8):757-65. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(85)90546-6.
Rats were maintained in a continuous choice situation for consumption of either 0.1% aqueous saccharin or 10% ethanol- 0.1% saccharin with daily tube position reversal and 24 hour fluid consumption measurement. After a stabilized baseline was achieved, groups were exposed to either no stress, or to an unpredictable schedule of isolation or immobilization stress for 14 days. During baseline and stress-exposure periods, the rats consumed predominantly the saccharin solution. Upon cessation of the stress exposures the isolation and immobilization groups markedly increased their consumption of the ethanol solution, reaching intakes as high as 9.1 g/kg/24 hours in 2-3 weeks. In addition, after 3 weeks of ethanol consumption, placement of saccharin in both tubes resulted in the stressed animals preferentially consuming from the tube that should have contained ethanol. The results suggest that unpredictable exposure to stressful stimuli can, upon cessation of exposure, induce an alcohol consummatory behavior in rats.
将大鼠置于持续选择情境中，让其选择饮用0.1%的糖精水溶液或10%乙醇 - 0.1%糖精溶液，每天更换饮水管位置并测量24小时的液体摄入量。在达到稳定的基线后，将大鼠分为几组，分别使其不接受应激、接受不可预测的隔离应激或固定应激，持续14天。在基线期和应激暴露期，大鼠主要饮用糖精溶液。应激暴露停止后，隔离组和固定组大鼠对乙醇溶液的摄入量显著增加，在2 - 3周内高达9.1克/千克/24小时。此外，在饮用乙醇3周后，若两个饮水管中都放置糖精，应激组动物会优先从原本应装有乙醇的饮水管中取食。结果表明，不可预测的应激刺激在停止暴露后，可诱导大鼠产生酒精消费行为。
