Cui J F, Garle M, Lund E, Björkhem I, Eneroth P
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
Anal Biochem. 1993 May 1;210(2):411-7. doi: 10.1006/abio.1993.1215.
To facilitate studies on the possible presence of ginseng products in serum, tissues, and excretions, a procedure to optimize the analysis of the ginseng specific products, i.e., ginsenosides, had to be worked out. With the present method the two sapogenins, 20S-protopanaxadiol and 20S-protopanaxatriol, can be produced from ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, Rd, Re, and Rg1 in 80% yield by using an improved alkaline cleavage procedure. In contrast to previously described acid hydrolysis procedures for ginsenosides, our alkaline conditions caused no epimerization, no hydroxylation, and no cyclization of the side chain. Furthermore, no unchanged ginsenosides were recovered. The products of alkaline and acidic cleavage were separated, identified, and characterized by GC, GC-MS, and HPLC. In contrast to alkaline cleavage, treatment with acid afforded a number of side products. The C-20S-epimers of the ginseng sapogenins could be distinguished from C-20R epimers by difference in mass spectra and retention time after trimethylsilylation.
为便于研究血清、组织和排泄物中可能存在的人参产品，必须制定一种优化人参特定产品（即人参皂苷）分析的方法。采用本方法，通过改进的碱性裂解程序，人参皂苷Rb1、Rc、Rd、Re和Rg1可生成两种皂苷元，即20S-原人参二醇和20S-原人参三醇，产率为80%。与先前描述的人参皂苷酸水解程序不同，我们的碱性条件不会导致差向异构化、羟基化或侧链环化。此外，未回收未变化的人参皂苷。碱性和酸性裂解产物通过气相色谱（GC）、气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）和高效液相色谱（HPLC）进行分离、鉴定和表征。与碱性裂解不同，酸处理会产生许多副产物。人参皂苷元的C-20S差向异构体与C-20R差向异构体可通过三甲基硅烷化后的质谱差异和保留时间来区分。
