Bredesen D E
Program on Aging, La Jolla Cancer Research Foundation, CA 92037, USA.
Ann Neurol. 1995 Dec;38(6):839-51. doi: 10.1002/ana.410380604.
Apoptosis is a mode of cell death in which the cell plays an active role in its own demise. The study of neural apoptosis, the identification of genes controlling apoptosis, and the examination of the mechanisms by which these genes achieve their effects have assumed increasing importance over the past few years. This is because (1) neural apoptosis occurs not only in development, but also in pathophysiological states such as stroke, glutamate toxicity, and beta-amyloid peptide toxicity; (2) genes that control apoptotic cell death, such as bcl-2, p35, p53, and p75NTR, also modulate necrotic neural death in some cases; (3) the emerging mechanisms by which these genes control apoptosis may be relevant for understanding neurodegenerative processes, and for the design of therapeutic agents; and (4) the findings that the cell plays an active role in its own demise, and that specific gene products are involved, suggest that therapeutic intervention may be feasible.
细胞凋亡是一种细胞死亡方式，在此过程中细胞在自身死亡中发挥积极作用。在过去几年里，对神经细胞凋亡的研究、控制细胞凋亡基因的鉴定以及对这些基因发挥作用机制的研究变得越来越重要。这是因为：（1）神经细胞凋亡不仅发生在发育过程中，也发生在诸如中风、谷氨酸毒性和β-淀粉样肽毒性等病理生理状态下；（2）控制凋亡性细胞死亡的基因，如bcl-2、p35、p53和p75NTR，在某些情况下也调节坏死性神经细胞死亡；（3）这些基因控制细胞凋亡的新出现的机制可能与理解神经退行性过程以及治疗药物的设计相关；（4）细胞在自身死亡中发挥积极作用以及特定基因产物参与其中的研究结果表明治疗干预可能是可行的。
