Quirk J A, Fish D R, Smith S J, Sander J W, Shorvon S D, Allen P J
Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1995 Oct;95(4):260-7. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(95)00118-i.
We undertook a prospective nationwide study to determine the incidence of photosensitive epilepsy (PE). Virtually all EEG departments in Great Britain (providing approximately 90% coverage of all EEGs performed on people with newly diagnosed seizures) screened cases referred to them over a 3 month period and identified all new cases of epilepsy (defined as one or more recognised seizures) whose first EEG showed a photoparoxysmal response (PPR) on intermittent photic stimulation (IPS). 191 cases were identified, 143 of whom had type 4 PPRs (generalised spike and wave on IPS) on their first EEG. The annual incidence of cases of epilepsy with type 4 PPRs on their first EEG was conservatively estimated to be 1.1 per 100,000, representing approximately 2% of all new cases of epilepsy. When restricted to the age range 7-19 years, the annual incidence rose to 5.7 per 100,000-approximately 10% of all new cases of epilepsy presenting in this age range. To ascertain if there was a significant seasonal variation in PE, 5 EEG departments (which together contributed 15% of cases in the first study period) were visited during a second 3 month study period to identify all new cases of epilepsy with type 4 PPRs on their first EEG. No significant seasonal variation in incidence between summer and winter was found.
我们开展了一项全国性前瞻性研究，以确定光敏性癫痫（PE）的发病率。英国几乎所有的脑电图科室（提供了新诊断癫痫患者所做脑电图的约90%）在3个月的时间里对转诊到他们那里的病例进行了筛查，并确定了所有癫痫新病例（定义为一次或多次公认的发作），这些病例的首次脑电图在间歇性光刺激（IPS）时显示光阵发性反应（PPR）。共确定了191例病例，其中143例在首次脑电图时有4型PPR（IPS时出现全身性棘波和慢波）。首次脑电图有4型PPR的癫痫病例的年发病率保守估计为每10万人中有1.1例，约占所有癫痫新病例的2%。当限定在7至19岁年龄范围时，年发病率升至每10万人中有5.7例，约占该年龄范围内所有癫痫新病例的10%。为确定PE是否存在显著的季节性变化，在第二个3个月的研究期间走访了5个脑电图科室（它们在第一个研究期间共贡献了15%的病例），以确定首次脑电图有4型PPR的所有癫痫新病例。未发现夏季和冬季发病率之间有显著的季节性变化。
