Lucarini N, Nicotra M, Gloria-Bottini F, Borgiani P, Amante A, Muttinelli C, Signoretti F, La Torre M, Bottini E
Department of MCA Biology, University of Camerino, Italy.
Hum Genet. 1995 Nov;96(5):527-31. doi: 10.1007/BF00197406.
A total of 203 couples with unexplained habitual abortions and 364 consecutive normal puerperae along with their live-born babies were studied. The analysis of wife-husband joint ABO blood group distribution in couples with habitual abortion showed an excess of A incompatible mating type and a defect of B incompatible type as compared with expected proportions assuming random mating. The joint wife-husband ABO blood group distribution was further analysed in relation to the adenosine deaminase (ADA) genotype. A defect of O-A and A-O couples when the wife carries the ADA1/1 genotype and the husband carries the ADA2 allele, and a defect of O-O and A-A when the wife carries the ADA2 allele were observed. In the sample of normal puerperae, analysis of the joint mother-newborn ABO distribution in relation to the ADA genotype showed a pattern similar to that observed in couples with habitual abortion, i.e. there is a defect of O-A and A-O when the mother carries the ADA1/1 genotype and the newborn carries the ADA2 allele and a defect of O-O and A-A types when the mother carries the ADA2 allele. Altogether the data suggest an early loss of O-A and A-O zygotes when they carry the ADA2 allele and an early loss of O-O and A-A zygotes when the mother carries the ADA2 allele resulting in a deficit of these zygotic classes among both spontaneously aborted fetuses and live-born infants. The pattern of association observed in the mother-fetus type O-A (incompatible according to conventional terminology) appears similar to that observed for the reciprocal A-O type (compatible according to conventional terminology). Therefore strictly conventional immunological mechanisms cannot explain the whole pattern of associations. Cell to cell intereactions involving ABO antigens may have an important role at implantation: ADA, through the control of local adenosine concentration, could modulate these interactions influencing the probability of successful implantation.
共研究了203对不明原因习惯性流产夫妇以及364例连续正常产褥期产妇及其活产婴儿。对习惯性流产夫妇的夫妻联合ABO血型分布分析显示，与随机交配预期比例相比，A血型不相容交配类型过多，B血型不相容类型存在缺陷。进一步分析了夫妻联合ABO血型分布与腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）基因型的关系。观察到当妻子携带ADA1/1基因型且丈夫携带ADA2等位基因时，O - A和A - O夫妇存在缺陷；当妻子携带ADA2等位基因时，O - O和A - A夫妇存在缺陷。在正常产褥期产妇样本中，分析与ADA基因型相关的母婴联合ABO分布，发现其模式与习惯性流产夫妇中观察到的相似，即当母亲携带ADA1/1基因型且新生儿携带ADA2等位基因时，O - A和A - O存在缺陷；当母亲携带ADA2等位基因时，O - O和A - A类型存在缺陷。总体而言，数据表明携带ADA2等位基因的O - A和A - O受精卵早期丢失，当母亲携带ADA2等位基因时，O - O和A - A受精卵早期丢失，导致自发流产胎儿和活产婴儿中这些受精卵类别出现不足。在母胎O - A型（按照传统术语不相容）中观察到的关联模式，与在互逆的A - O型（按照传统术语相容）中观察到的模式相似。因此，严格按照传统的免疫机制无法解释整个关联模式。涉及ABO抗原的细胞间相互作用可能在着床时起重要作用：ADA通过控制局部腺苷浓度，可能调节这些相互作用，影响成功着床的概率。
