Valentine B A
Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 1995 Sep-Oct;9(5):291-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1995.tb01087.x.
A study of 57 cutaneous melanocytic tumors from 53 horses revealed 4 distinct clinical syndromes: melanocytic nevus, dermal melanoma, dermal melanomatosis, and anaplastic malignant melanoma. Melanocytic nevus and anaplastic melanoma each had histopathologic features that distinguished them from dermal melanoma and dermal melanomatosis. Dermal melanoma and dermal melanomatosis were histologically similar but could be differentiated by their clinical features. Melanocytic nevi were diagnosed in 29 horses with an average age of 5 years; they were solitary, superficial masses that occurred in both grey and nongrey horses, and in which surgical excision was generally curative. Dermal melanomas were diagnosed in 20 horses with an average age of 13 years; all horses of known coat color were grey. Eight horses with an average age of 7 years had 1 or 2 discrete dermal melanomas. Follow-up information was available for 6 horses; metastases occurred in 2 horses, and surgical excision was apparently curative in 4 horses. Dermal melanomatosis was diagnosed in 12 grey horses with an average age of 17 years; all 6 of these horses evaluated had internal metastases. In 2 aged nongrey horses with anaplastic malignant melanoma, the tumors metastasized within 1 year of diagnosis. Two tumors with features of both melanocytic nevus and dermal melanoma remained unclassified.
一项针对53匹马身上的57个皮肤黑素细胞肿瘤的研究揭示了4种不同的临床综合征：黑素细胞痣、真皮黑色素瘤、真皮黑色素沉着症和间变性恶性黑色素瘤。黑素细胞痣和间变性黑色素瘤各自具有使其有别于真皮黑色素瘤和真皮黑色素沉着症的组织病理学特征。真皮黑色素瘤和真皮黑色素沉着症在组织学上相似，但可通过其临床特征加以区分。在29匹马中诊断出黑素细胞痣，这些马的平均年龄为5岁；它们是孤立的浅表肿物，见于灰色马和非灰色马，手术切除通常可治愈。在20匹马中诊断出真皮黑色素瘤，这些马的平均年龄为13岁；所有已知毛色的马均为灰色。8匹马的平均年龄为7岁，有1个或2个孤立的真皮黑色素瘤。有6匹马有随访信息；2匹马发生转移，4匹马手术切除显然治愈。在12匹灰色马中诊断出真皮黑色素沉着症，这些马的平均年龄为17岁；接受评估的这6匹马均有内脏转移。在2匹患有间变性恶性黑色素瘤的老龄非灰色马中，肿瘤在诊断后1年内发生转移。2个具有黑素细胞痣和真皮黑色素瘤特征的肿瘤仍未分类。
