Lieberman J, Schleissner L, Tachiki K H, Kling A S
Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs/UCLA Medical Center, Sepulveda 91343, USA.
Neurobiol Aging. 1995 Sep-Oct;16(5):747-53. doi: 10.1016/0197-4580(95)00056-k.
Excessive alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) in brain has been postulated to play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We measured serum ACT by radial immunodiffusion in 57 patients with presumed AD, 110 healthy controls (24 children; 86 adults), 67 non-AD patients from a geriatric private practice and a VA nursing home, and 136 asthmatics (56 adults; 80 children) as an inflammatory disease control group. Serum ACT was significantly higher in AD (73.1 +/- 22 mg/dl) than in healthy controls (47.9 +/- 8.1 mg/dl) or non-AD patients (61.8 +/- 23.9 mg/dl). A level of 60 mg/dl best separated AD patients from controls or non-AD patients. Serial measurements served to distinguish elevations of ACT level in AD from non-AD inflammatory conditions; the ACT level in the latter returned to normal with therapy or time, but the levels in AD remained elevated. A measure of serum ACT by radial immunodiffusion can be used to support a diagnosis of AD disease but not necessarily as a screening test due to the potentially large number of false positives (26% in the population studied) should malignancy or inflammatory disease be concurrent.
大脑中过量的α1-抗糜蛋白酶（ACT）被认为在阿尔茨海默病（AD）的发病机制中起作用。我们采用放射免疫扩散法检测了57例疑似AD患者、110名健康对照者（24名儿童；86名成年人）、67名来自老年私人诊所和退伍军人事务部疗养院的非AD患者以及136名哮喘患者（56名成年人；80名儿童）作为炎症性疾病对照组的血清ACT水平。AD患者的血清ACT水平（73.1±22mg/dl）显著高于健康对照者（47.9±8.1mg/dl）或非AD患者（61.8±23.9mg/dl）。60mg/dl的水平最能将AD患者与对照者或非AD患者区分开来。连续测量有助于区分AD患者中ACT水平的升高与非AD炎症性疾病；后者的ACT水平在治疗或随时间推移后恢复正常，但AD患者的水平仍保持升高。通过放射免疫扩散法检测血清ACT水平可用于辅助AD的诊断，但由于如果同时存在恶性肿瘤或炎症性疾病可能会出现大量假阳性结果（在所研究的人群中为26%），因此不一定用作筛查试验。
