Van Goozen S H, Cohen-Kettenis P T, Gooren L J, Frijda N H, Van de Poll N E
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1995;20(4):343-63. doi: 10.1016/0306-4530(94)00076-x.
The relative contribution of organizing and activating effects of sex hormones to the establishment of gender differences in behaviour is still unclear. In a group of 35 female-to-male transsexuals and a group of 15 male-to-female transsexuals a large battery of tests on aggression, sexual motivation and cognitive functioning was administered twice: shortly before and three months after the start of cross-sex hormone treatment. The administration of androgens to females was clearly associated with an increase in aggression proneness, sexual arousability and spatial ability performance. In contrast, it had a deteriorating effect on verbal fluency tasks. The effects of cross-sex hormones were just as pronounced in the male-to-female group upon androgen deprivation: anger and aggression proneness, sexual arousability and spatial ability decreased, whereas verbal fluency improved. This study offers evidence that cross-sex hormones directly and quickly affect gender specific behaviours. If sex-specific organising effects of sex hormones do exist in the human, they do not prevent these effects of androgen administration to females and androgen deprivation of males to become manifest.
性激素的组织和激活作用对行为中性别差异形成的相对贡献仍不明确。对35名女变男的变性者和15名男变女的变性者进行了一组大量关于攻击性、性动机和认知功能的测试，测试进行了两次：在跨性别激素治疗开始前不久和开始三个月后。给女性服用雄激素明显与攻击性倾向增加、性唤起能力和空间能力表现增强有关。相反，它对言语流畅性任务有恶化作用。在男变女组中，雄激素剥夺后跨性别激素的影响同样显著：愤怒和攻击性倾向、性唤起能力和空间能力下降，而言语流畅性提高。这项研究提供了证据表明跨性别激素直接且迅速地影响性别特定行为。如果人类中确实存在性激素的性别特异性组织作用，它们并不能阻止给女性服用雄激素和剥夺男性雄激素所产生的这些影响显现出来。
