Ben-Artzi E, Marks L E
John B. Pierce Laboratory, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Percept Psychophys. 1995 Nov;57(8):1151-62. doi: 10.3758/bf03208371.
An experiment examined cross-modal interference and congruence in speeded classification: Subjects had to identify compound (visual-auditory) stimuli as either low or high in spatial position (visual judgment) or low or high in pitch (auditory judgment), in 16 conditions, each of which combined one of four possible pairs of tones, varying in frequency difference, with one of four possible pairs of dots, varying in positional difference. Both classification by position and classification by pitch revealed Garner interference (poorer performance than baseline, with orthogonal variation in the irrelevant dimension) and congruence effects (better performance with congruent than with incongruent stimulus combinations), but pitch classification showed more. Furthermore, the size of the pitch difference strongly affected classification by pitch and less strongly affected classification by position, but the size of the position difference affected neither. The findings are consistent with the view that Garner interference and congruence effects are closely related, perhaps arising from a common source, and suggest that the asymmetries could depend in part on the degree of dimensional overlap between stimuli and responses.
受试者必须在16种条件下，将复合（视觉-听觉）刺激识别为空间位置低或高（视觉判断）或音高低或高（听觉判断），其中每种条件将四对频率差异不同的音调中的一对与四对位置差异不同的点中的一对进行组合。按位置分类和按音高分类均显示出加纳干扰（表现比基线差，无关维度存在正交变化）和一致性效应（一致刺激组合的表现优于不一致刺激组合），但音高分类表现得更明显。此外，音高差异的大小对音高分类影响较大，对位置分类影响较小，而位置差异的大小对两者均无影响。这些发现与加纳干扰和一致性效应密切相关、可能源于共同来源的观点一致，并表明这种不对称性可能部分取决于刺激与反应之间维度重叠的程度。
