Era P, Berg S, Schroll M
Institute of Preventive Medicine, Kommunehospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Aging (Milano). 1995 Aug;7(4):195-204. doi: 10.1007/BF03324335.
Psychomotor speed was studied in samples of 75-year-old men and women in three Nordic localities, namely Glostrup (Denmark), Gothenburg (Sweden), and Jyväskylä (Finland). Both simple and multi-choice reaction and movement time tests were applied using visual and auditory stimuli. The aim of the present report was to analyze the role of habitual physical activity and physical fitness as associates of psychomotor speed. The results indicated a higher psychomotor speed in the physically more active and, in most cases, fitter subjects in both the simple and more complex tasks, a higher speed of performance in men compared to women, and, to some extent, more favorable values in Gothenburg and Jyväskylä than in Glostrup. The overall findings suggest that habitual physical activity may enhance psychomotor speed in elderly subjects. Basic differences in activity did not, however, explain the differences in psychomotor speed observed between the localities or between the sexes.
在北欧的三个地区，即丹麦的格罗斯特鲁普、瑞典的哥德堡和芬兰的于韦斯屈莱，对75岁的男性和女性样本进行了心理运动速度研究。使用视觉和听觉刺激进行简单和多项选择反应及运动时间测试。本报告的目的是分析习惯性身体活动和身体素质作为心理运动速度相关因素的作用。结果表明，在简单和更复杂的任务中，身体活动较多且在大多数情况下身体素质较好的受试者心理运动速度更高，男性的表现速度高于女性，并且在某种程度上，哥德堡和于韦斯屈莱的数值比格罗斯特鲁普更有利。总体研究结果表明，习惯性身体活动可能会提高老年受试者的心理运动速度。然而，活动的基本差异并不能解释在不同地区或不同性别之间观察到的心理运动速度差异。
