Gause-Nilsson I, Suominen H, Laukkanen P, Schroll M, Steen B
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Göteborg University, Sweden.
J Nutr Health Aging. 1999;3(3):172-6.
To describe and compare anthropometric characteristics among populations of 75-year-olds in three Nordic localities and to investigate possible relationships with chronic heart disease (CHD), chronic lung disease (CLD), diabetes mellitus, arthrosis and life-style factors such as smoking and physical activity.
Anthropometric data were measured in 104 men and 191 women in Jyvaskyla (Finland), 196 men and 209 women in Glostrup (Denmark) and in 127 men and 167 women in Goteborg (Sweden). Variables assessed were body height, body weight, BMI, waist/hip ratio, skinfolds from several sites and percent body fat by bioelectrical impedance. The diagnosis of diseases were made by a physician based on the individual's medical history, drugs and medical examination. Physical activity was recorded by self-rating.
Men in Goteborg were taller and had a higher body weight while there was no difference in BMI among the men. Among women, those in Goteborg were tallest, while those in Jyvaskyla had the highest body weight, BMI, percent of body fat and waist/hip ratio. Biceps and triceps skinfolds were highest in men from Goteborg, while in women triceps and subscapular skinfolds were highest in those from Jyvaskyla. CHD was most common in those from Jyvaskyla, and women with CHD had a higher body weight, BMI and lean body mass in all three localities. Lean body mass was lower in men and women with CLD and women with CLD were also shorter, with a lower body weight, BMI, and percent body fat. Diabetes mellitus was associated with a higher body weight, BMI, percent body fat and lean body mass in women, but not in men. Both men and women with arthrosis had a higher BMI, while smoking was only associated with CHD in those from Jyvhskyla. In men with CHD the proportion of persons with low physical activity was higher in all three localities. The physical activity was also lower among men with CLD and diabetes mellitus in Goteborg and Glostrup.
There were anthropometric differences among 75-year-olds in the three Nordic localities. CHD and CLD were associated with various anthropometric variables. These findings may reflect either cause and effect relationships between diseases and anthropometric characteristics or differences in life-style factors influencing morbidity.
描述并比较三个北欧地区75岁人群的人体测量学特征，并调查其与慢性心脏病（CHD）、慢性肺病（CLD）、糖尿病、关节炎以及吸烟和体育活动等生活方式因素之间的可能关系。
在芬兰于韦斯屈莱对104名男性和191名女性、丹麦格洛斯楚普对196名男性和209名女性、瑞典哥德堡对127名男性和167名女性进行了人体测量数据的采集。评估的变量包括身高、体重、体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比、多个部位的皮褶厚度以及通过生物电阻抗法测得的体脂百分比。疾病诊断由医生根据个人病史、用药情况和体格检查做出。体育活动通过自我评估记录。
哥德堡的男性更高且体重更重，而男性之间的BMI没有差异。在女性中，哥德堡的女性最高，而于韦斯屈莱的女性体重、BMI、体脂百分比和腰臀比最高。哥德堡男性的肱二头肌和肱三头肌皮褶厚度最高，而在女性中，于韦斯屈莱的女性肱三头肌和肩胛下皮褶厚度最高。CHD在来自于韦斯屈莱的人群中最为常见，患有CHD的女性在所有三个地区的体重、BMI和瘦体重都更高。患有CLD的男性和女性的瘦体重较低，患有CLD的女性也更矮，体重、BMI和体脂百分比更低。糖尿病与女性较高的体重、BMI、体脂百分比和瘦体重相关，但与男性无关。患有关节炎的男性和女性BMI都更高，而吸烟仅与于韦斯屈莱人群中的CHD相关。在患有CHD的男性中，所有三个地区体力活动水平低的人群比例都更高。在哥德堡和格洛斯楚普，患有CLD和糖尿病的男性的体力活动也较低。
三个北欧地区75岁人群存在人体测量学差异。CHD和CLD与各种人体测量变量相关。这些发现可能反映了疾病与人体测量学特征之间的因果关系，或者影响发病率的生活方式因素的差异。
