Brunell P A, Vimal V, Sandu M, Courville T M, Daar E, Israele V
Ahmanson Pediatric Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1995 Dec 15;10(5):540-8.
The finding that severe measles occurs in immunized as well as nonimmunized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals suggests that both immunologic memory and the initial response to measles may be impaired by HIV infection. That the initial response is affected was supported by the finding that post-measles immunization titers of HIV-infected babies were significantly lower (p = 0.01) than those of normal babies. Poor immunologic memory was evidenced in HIV-infected children by lower titers than in normal children (p < 0.001) and by a continuing decline in measles antibody that was not arrested by reimmunization. Impaired memory appeared to be associated with defective avidity maturation. HIV-infected babies and infants or children had a significantly lower avidity index (AI) than age-matched normal children (p < 0.01). HIV-infected adults, who were infected with HIV following infection with measles, did not have AI values significantly different from normal adults (p = 0.18) but had significantly greater values than did HIV-infected babies and children (p < 0.01). Thus, in contrast to infants and children who were infected with HIV before measles immunization, the adult immune response to measles was less affected.
在已免疫和未免疫的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染个体中均出现严重麻疹的现象表明，HIV感染可能会损害免疫记忆以及对麻疹的初始反应。麻疹免疫后，HIV感染婴儿的抗体滴度显著低于正常婴儿（p = 0.01），这一发现支持了初始反应受到影响的观点。HIV感染儿童的抗体滴度低于正常儿童（p < 0.001），且再次免疫后麻疹抗体仍持续下降，这证明了其免疫记忆较差。免疫记忆受损似乎与亲和力成熟缺陷有关。HIV感染的婴儿、幼儿或儿童的亲和力指数（AI）显著低于年龄匹配的正常儿童（p < 0.01）。在感染麻疹后感染HIV的成年个体中，其AI值与正常成年人无显著差异（p = 0.18），但显著高于HIV感染的婴儿和儿童（p < 0.01）。因此，与在麻疹免疫前感染HIV的婴幼儿不同，成年人对麻疹的免疫反应受影响较小。
