van der Wildt G J, den Brinker B P, Wertheim A H
VISIO, National Foundation for the Visually Impaired on the Blind, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Doc Ophthalmol. 1995;90(1):99-105. doi: 10.1007/BF01203300.
The last two decades a shift took place from substitutional/compensatory training to utilisation of residual vision regarding rehabilitation of the visually impaired. Some of the visually impaired are able to use their visual perception nearly as complete as normal seeing people in spite of a severe visual disability. On the other hand, people with nearly normal functions can be severely visually handicapped. To illustrate this, two cases are presented. The first case is a man, aged 47 years, with a juvenile macular degeneration on both eyes. In spite of a very low visual acuity of less then 0.05, he finished an university education and he is able to maintain himself very well in a leading position in a scientific environment, by using adequate low vision devices. Also for his leisure activities, as photography and speed skating, he relies upon visual perception. The second case is a woman, aged 30 years, with nearly normal visual functions, who is not able to read for longer periods caused by conflicting information from the body- and eye movements, and the visual input. This causes sickness during reading. She is unable to use books for her study and is working with recordings on tape. The results of a comprehensive visual assessment will be related to the specific low vision devices and its use.
在过去二十年中，视障人士康复领域发生了从替代性/补偿性训练到利用残余视力的转变。尽管存在严重的视力残疾，但一些视障人士能够几乎像视力正常的人一样充分利用他们的视觉感知。另一方面，功能近乎正常的人可能存在严重的视力障碍。为说明这一点，现介绍两个案例。第一个案例是一名47岁男性，双眼患有青少年黄斑变性。尽管视力极低，低于0.05，但他完成了大学教育，并且通过使用适当的低视力设备，能够在科学环境中很好地维持自己在领导岗位上的工作。在他的休闲活动中，如摄影和速滑，他也依赖视觉感知。第二个案例是一名30岁女性，视觉功能近乎正常，但由于来自身体和眼睛运动以及视觉输入的冲突信息，她无法长时间阅读。这导致阅读时身体不适。她无法使用书籍进行学习，而是使用录音磁带。全面视觉评估的结果将与特定的低视力设备及其使用相关。
