Lal A, Kataria V, Rajpal A, Khanna N
Department of Pharmacology, University College of Medical Sciences & G.T.B. Hospital, Shahdara, Delhi.
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1995 Jul;39(3):267-70.
Previous studies have proved that as the volume of the drug solution instilled into the eye is decreased, the fraction of the dose absorbed into the ocular tissue is increased and the adverse drug reactions lowered. The present study investigated the acute effects of different drop volumes (10 microliters, 20 microliters, 40 microliters, and 80 microliters) of pilocarpine nitrate (2%) on pupil diameter, heart rate, and adverse reaction profile, in 12 healthy human volunteers. The drop volumes of 10 microliters and 20 microliters produced more miosis and less side effects than 40 microliters and 80 microliters drop volumes. This may be due to more penetration of the drug into the ocular tissue and less drainage into the nasolacrimal system.
先前的研究已证明，随着滴入眼内的药物溶液体积减少，吸收进入眼组织的药物剂量分数会增加，药物不良反应会降低。本研究调查了12名健康人类志愿者中不同滴入体积（10微升、20微升、40微升和80微升）的2%硝酸毛果芸香碱对瞳孔直径、心率和不良反应情况的急性影响。与40微升和80微升的滴入体积相比，10微升和20微升的滴入体积产生了更多的瞳孔缩小且副作用更少。这可能是由于药物更多地渗透到眼组织中，而进入鼻泪系统的引流较少。
