Van Bueren J, Simpson R A, Salman H, Farrelly H D, Cookson B D
Laboratory of Hospital Infection, Central Public Health Laboratory, London, UK.
Epidemiol Infect. 1995 Dec;115(3):567-79. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800058738.
The efficacy of sodium hypochlorite was assessed against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 suspended in low (8% v/v) or high (80% v/v) concentrations of serum or in a high (80%) concentration of blood. In the presence of 8% serum, 100 p.p.m. available chlorine in the disinfectant test mixture inactivated 3.75 log TCID50 HIV/ml within 30 s. When the test mixture contained 80% serum, 500 p.p.m. available chlorine inactivated more than 4 log TCID50 HIV/ml in 1-2 min. Lower concentrations of available chlorine were unable to inactivate the virus completely. In the presence of 80% blood, 1000 p.p.m. available chlorine in the disinfectant test mixture was unable to inactivate 3.75 log TCID50 HIV/ml, although 2500 p.p.m. available chlorine was able to inactivate at least 1.5 log TCID50 HIV/ml. In all test mixtures, the chlorine rapidly became combined and thus less active. Our results emphasise the importance of cleaning prior to disinfection with sodium hypochlorite since it may prove to be ineffective in the presence of high levels of organic matter. In cases where prior cleaning is impossible, care must be taken to use the higher recommended concentration (a minimum of 10,000 p.p.m. available chlorine).
评估了次氯酸钠对悬浮于低浓度（8% v/v）或高浓度（80% v/v）血清中或高浓度（80%）血液中的1型人类免疫缺陷病毒的效果。在8%血清存在的情况下，消毒测试混合物中100 ppm有效氯在30秒内可使3.75 log TCID50 HIV/ml失活。当测试混合物含有80%血清时，500 ppm有效氯在1 - 2分钟内可使超过4 log TCID50 HIV/ml失活。较低浓度的有效氯无法完全使病毒失活。在80%血液存在的情况下，消毒测试混合物中1000 ppm有效氯无法使3.75 log TCID50 HIV/ml失活，尽管2500 ppm有效氯能够使至少1.5 log TCID50 HIV/ml失活。在所有测试混合物中，氯迅速结合，因此活性降低。我们的结果强调了在用次氯酸钠消毒之前进行清洁的重要性，因为在存在高水平有机物的情况下它可能被证明是无效的。在无法事先清洁的情况下，必须注意使用更高的推荐浓度（至少10000 ppm有效氯）。
