Bloomfield S F, Smith-Burchnell C A, Dalgleish A G
Chelsea Department of Pharmacy, Kings College, London.
J Hosp Infect. 1990 Apr;15(3):273-8. doi: 10.1016/0195-6701(90)90035-m.
Using a quantitative suspension test method, the antiviral activity of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was investigated. Viral suspensions were prepared containing 10(4)-10(5) syncitial forming units ml-1 in 0.9% saline or 0.9% saline containing 10% v/v plasma to simulate clean and dirty conditions. A syncitial inhibition assay on C8166 lymphoblastoid line was used to determine viral titre. Results indicate that satisfactory disinfection (3-4 log reduction in 2 min) can be achieved using NaDCC and NaOCl at concentrations of 50 ppm and 2500 ppm available chlorine (AvCl2) for clean and soiled conditions respectively. For treatment of blood spillages, the addition of NaDCC and NaOCl solutions (10,000 ppm) to equal volumes of contaminated blood (giving a final AvCl2 concentration of 5000 ppm of blood) was sufficient to produce total kill within 2 min. For treatment of spillage material, chlorine-releasing powder formulations--which produce higher AVCl2 concentrations and achieve containment of spillage material--offer an effective alternative.
采用定量悬浮试验方法，研究了次氯酸钠（NaOCl）和二氯异氰尿酸钠（NaDCC）对人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的抗病毒活性。在0.9%生理盐水或含10%（v/v）血浆的0.9%生理盐水中制备含有10⁴ - 10⁵个合胞体形成单位/毫升的病毒悬液，以模拟清洁和污染条件。采用对C8166淋巴母细胞系的合胞体抑制试验来测定病毒滴度。结果表明，对于清洁和污染条件，分别使用有效氯（AvCl₂）浓度为50 ppm的NaDCC和2500 ppm的NaOCl，可实现令人满意的消毒效果（2分钟内病毒载量降低3 - 4个对数级）。对于血液溢出物的处理，向等量受污染血液中添加NaDCC和NaOCl溶液（10,000 ppm）（使血液中最终AvCl₂浓度达到5000 ppm）足以在2分钟内实现完全杀灭。对于溢出物材料的处理，能产生更高AvCl₂浓度并能控制溢出物材料的含氯释放粉剂配方提供了一种有效的替代方法。
