三维人格问卷的遗传与环境结构：三因素还是四因素气质维度？

Genetic and environmental structure of the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire: three or four temperament dimensions?

作者信息

Stallings M C, Hewitt J K, Cloninger C R, Heath A C, Eaves L J

机构信息

Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309-0447, USA.

出版信息

J Pers Soc Psychol. 1996 Jan;70(1):127-40. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.70.1.127.

DOI:10.1037//0022-3514.70.1.127

PMID:8558406

Abstract

Previous phenotypic factor analyses suggest that C. R. Cloninger's Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ; 1987c) assesses 4 rather than 3 temperament dimensions. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Cloninger's revised 4-factor model showed incremental validity over his original model and to investigate the convergent and discriminant validity of Cloninger's dimensions in comparison to the personality dimensions proposed by H. J. Eysenck (1981) and J. A. Gray (1970). The sample included 2,420 women and 870 men (aged 50-96) from a volunteer population-based sample of twins. Joint phenotypic factor analyses supported Cloninger's 4-dimensional temperament model. A 4-dimensional genetical factor structure was also confirmed in genetic analyses of the TPQ higher order dimensions in women. For men only 3 genetic factors were necessary to explain the genetic variance among the TPQ dimensions.

摘要

以往的表型因素分析表明，C. R. 克隆宁格的三维人格问卷（TPQ；1987c）评估的是4种而非3种气质维度。本研究的目的是确定克隆宁格修订后的四因素模型相对于其原始模型是否具有增量效度，并与H. J. 艾森克（1981）和J. A. 格雷（1970）提出的人格维度相比较，研究克隆宁格维度的聚合效度和区分效度。样本包括来自基于志愿者的双胞胎群体样本中的2420名女性和870名男性（年龄在50 - 96岁之间）。联合表型因素分析支持克隆宁格的四维气质模型。在对女性TPQ高阶维度的遗传分析中也证实了四维遗传因素结构。对于男性，仅需3个遗传因素就能解释TPQ维度之间的遗传方差。