Chazotte C, Youchah J, Freda M C
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Bronx Municipal Hospital Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY 10461, USA.
Semin Perinatol. 1995 Aug;19(4):293-300. doi: 10.1016/s0146-0005(05)80044-8.
Cocaine use in pregnancy has been associated with low birth weight. Large population-based studies suggest that 5 to 7% of pregnant women have used cocaine, with much higher rates in low income inner-city women. Among 140 births at our institution of cocaine-using women, we found a lower rate of low birth weight in those who received prenatal care compared with those without prenatal care: 33 of 96 (34.3%) versus 23 of 44 (52.3%), P < .05. A review of the literature shows that comprehensive care, which includes both prenatal care and drug treatment, seems to be associated with better birth weight outcomes, particularly in women who stop their use in the first trimester. Prenatal care alone, however, is also associated with improved outcomes even if not specialized or linked to drug treatment.
孕期使用可卡因与低出生体重有关。基于大规模人群的研究表明，5%至7%的孕妇使用过可卡因，低收入市中心区女性的使用率要高得多。在我们机构中140例有可卡因使用史的女性所生婴儿中，我们发现接受过产前护理的孕妇中低出生体重发生率低于未接受产前护理的孕妇：96例中有33例（34.3%），而44例中有23例（52.3%），P<0.05。文献综述显示，包括产前护理和药物治疗在内的综合护理似乎与更好的出生体重结局相关，尤其是在孕早期就停止使用可卡因的女性中。然而，即使没有专门的护理或与药物治疗无关，仅产前护理也与改善结局相关。
