Dennis L K, White E, Lee J A, Kristal A, McKnight B, Odland P
Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Feb 1;143(3):248-56. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008735.
A survey of benign melanocytic nevi (moles), suspected precursors or markers for melanoma, was conducted in Washington State among 717 randomly selected 18- to 50-year-old white adults who participated in a telephone interview in 1990-1991. Participants were questioned about constitutional factors, time spent in the sun, and severe sunburns over three time periods and were asked to count the raised nevi on both their arms. Logistic regression was used to examine the risk for 2+ nevi compared with none. An odds ratio (OR) of 2.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-3.1) was seen for current freckling. Skin color, tendency to burn, and inability to tan were important risk factors but were not independent of each other. Individuals with a history of severe sunburns had an increased risk of nevi: OR = 1.9 (95% CI 0.9-3.9) for 3+ severe sunburns compared with none in the last 5 years; OR = 2.0 (95% CI 1.2-3.1) for 4+ severe teenage sunburns; and OR = 3.1 (95% CI 1.7-5.3) for 4+ severe childhood sunburns. Furthermore, childhood sunburns were related to nevi independently of sun sensitivity and teenage and recent sunburns: OR = 2.0 (95% CI 1.0-4.0) for 4+ severe sunburns. These data suggest that childhood sunburns are important in the etiology of nevi. This study supports prior studies of the relation between melanoma and early sun exposure.
1990 - 1991年，在华盛顿州对717名随机选取的18至50岁白人成年人进行了一项关于良性黑素细胞痣（痣）的调查，这些人参与了电话访谈。研究人员询问了参与者的体质因素、晒太阳时长以及三个时间段内的严重晒伤情况，并要求他们数出双臂上凸起的痣的数量。采用逻辑回归分析来研究有2颗及以上痣与无痣情况相比的风险。当前有雀斑者的优势比（OR）为2.0（95%置信区间[CI]为1.3 - 3.1）。肤色、晒伤倾向和不能晒黑是重要的风险因素，但它们并非相互独立。有严重晒伤史的个体患痣的风险增加：过去5年中有3次及以上严重晒伤与无晒伤相比，OR = 1.9（95% CI 0.9 - 3.9）；青少年时期有4次及以上严重晒伤，OR = 2.0（95% CI 1.2 - 3.1）；儿童时期有4次及以上严重晒伤，OR = 3.1（95% CI 1.7 - 5.3）。此外，儿童时期的晒伤与痣有关，且独立于阳光敏感性以及青少年时期和近期的晒伤：有4次及以上严重晒伤，OR = 2.0（95% CI 1.0 - 4.0）。这些数据表明儿童时期的晒伤在痣的病因学中很重要。本研究支持了先前关于黑色素瘤与早期阳光暴露之间关系的研究。
